Systems and methods for evenly heating a drum dryer of a print system. In one embodiment, the dryer is configured to rotate about an axis oriented in a lateral direction, to receive a radiant energy source disposed inside the drum that extends between each lateral end of the drum in the lateral direction, and to receive a reflective assembly inside the drum that includes an inner portion and an outer portion. The inner portion surrounds the radiant energy source and removably attaches the reflective assembly to a lateral end of the drum. The outer portion extends from the inner portion in a radial direction of the drum that is perpendicular to the lateral direction. The outer portion includes a reflective surface that reflects radiant energy from the lateral end to the central portion of the drum in contact with the web.

A method for producing a wet-laid nonwoven fabric web includes the following steps: providing a fibrous web of industrially generated inorganic fibers, or fibers from synthetically generated polymers, and thermally drying the fibrous web in an alternating manner by infrared radiation and hot air, in order for the nonwoven fabric web to be generated.

A method for producing a wet-laid nonwoven fabric web includes the following steps: providing a fibrous web of industrially generated inorganic fibers, or fibers from synthetically generated polymers, and thermally drying the fibrous web in an alternating manner by infrared radiation and hot air, in order for the nonwoven fabric web to be generated.

A method for reducing moisture of a material includes applying microwave radiation combined with RF to the material to heat and evacuate moisture from the material during a heating cycle and optionally alternating heating cycles with drying/cooling cycles. In particular, a method is disclosed to reduce a moisture content level of a material that comprises introducing the material or plant vertically into a drying enclosure using a vertical feed mechanism. The method further includes irradiating a portion of the material or plant with microwave to heat and vaporize moisture within the material or plant during a heating cycle; combining or alternating the microwave with RF heating for a time interval during the heating cycle to reduce the moisture content level of the material or plant; and alternating the heating cycle with a cooling cycle. In certain aspects or embodiments, the system comprises at least an enclosure, a vertical track mechanism, a microwave delivery device, a radio-frequency emitter and power supply.

Methods for drying a substrate. The methods include the following steps: (a) emitting infrared radiation towards a substrate moving through a process space using an emitter unit comprising at least one inflated emitter, (b) generating at least two process gas streams of a process gas directed towards the substrate, (c) drying the substrate by the action of infrared radiation and process gas on the substrate, and (d) extracting moisture-laden process gas from the process space via an extraction duct, forming an exhaust air stream leading away from the substrate. To specify a drying method which is reproducible and effective and leads to an improved result, in particular in terms of homogeneity and speed of drying of the substrate, the at least two process gas streams are guided to the infrared emitter before they act on the substrate, and an exhaust air stream is spatially assigned to each process gas stream.

The apparatus (100) comprises several stations for treating fabric (10). For example, a cleaning station (20) is provided that is arranged to remove loose debris from the fabric and move the fabric in a continuous motion through the cleaning station. A treatment station (40) is then arranged to receive the fabric from the cleaning station and to transfer treatment fluid to the fabric in a treatment zone. Finally, a drying station (50) is arranged to receive the fabric from the treatment station and to dry the fabric in a drying zone. Advantageously, the treatment station is arranged to transfer the treatment fluid by spraying the treatment fluid under pressure onto a side of the fabric.

The apparatus (100) comprises several stations for treating fabric (10). For example, a cleaning station (20) is provided that is arranged to remove loose debris from the fabric and move the fabric in a continuous motion through the cleaning station. A treatment station (40) is then arranged to receive the fabric from the cleaning station and to transfer treatment fluid to the fabric in a treatment zone. Finally, a drying station (50) is arranged to receive the fabric from the treatment station and to dry the fabric in a drying zone. Advantageously, the treatment station is arranged to transfer the treatment fluid by spraying the treatment fluid under pressure onto a side of the fabric.

An apparatus for dye application to textile manufactures, exhaustion of the applied dye, and drying of the textile manufacture. The apparatus, in some implementations, includes a dye applicator that applies dye evenly to a textile manufacture of varying length, one or more microwave elements for heating the textile manufacture with applied dye to exhaust the dye, and a blower system to dry the textile manufacture after application of the applied dye.

An apparatus for dye application to textile manufactures, exhaustion of the applied dye, and drying of the textile manufacture. The apparatus, in some implementations, includes a dye applicator that applies dye evenly to a textile manufacture of varying length, one or more microwave elements for heating the textile manufacture with applied dye to exhaust the dye, and a blower system to dry the textile manufacture after application of the applied dye.

A low-temperature drying apparatus includes a furnace body, an object holder, an infrared light transmitting plate, a supply device, a discharge device, and infrared heaters. The object holder holds an object to be dried so that the object to be dried is placed in the furnace body. The infrared light transmitting plate is arranged on a surface of the furnace body that faces the object holder. The cooling flow generating device generates a cooling flow in a space between the object to be dried that is held by the object holder and the infrared light transmitting plate. The infrared heater is disposed to face the infrared light transmitting plate in an open space outside the furnace body.