A method for supplying pre-heated particulate mineral material from a separating cyclone to a cyclone furnace inlet includes receiving the mineral material in a material receiving conduit from a bottom outlet of the separating cyclone. There is a first pressure in the receiving conduit. The mineral material is fluidised in the receiving conduit and flows upwards in an inclined elongated gas-lock valve from a lowermost section of the receiving conduit to an uppermost section of an outlet conduit. The mineral material is supplied from the outlet conduit to the inlet of the cyclone furnace, wherein there is a second pressure that is higher than the first pressure. A fluidisation unit in the gas-lock valve maintains the particulate mineral material in a fluidised state, such that the fluidised particulate mineral material flows due to gravity from the material receiving conduit, upwards through the gas-lock valve and to the outlet conduit.

The present disclosure relates to a plastic pyrolysis/emulsification system for pyrolyzing waste plastic in a high-temperature/high-vacuum environment, the plastic pyrolysis/emulsification system being characterized by comprising: an introduction portion having a hopper for introducing plastic; a heating furnace having a burner mounted thereon so as to establish a high-temperature environment therein and having a combustion gas outlet; a melting furnace penetrating the heating furnace such that one end of the melting furnace is connected to the introduction portion, and both ends thereof are exposed to the outside, a transferring/compressing means being mounted in the melting furnace along the longitudinal direction so as to transfer and compress the plastic in one direction, thereby transferring, compressing, and melting the plastic, and the melting furnace having a vapor outlet for discharging water vapor resulting from compression and melting of the plastic; a first transfer portion connected to the other end of the melting furnace so as to transfer the melt of the plastic; a vacuum pyrolysis furnace penetrating the heating furnace such that one end of the vacuum pyrolysis furnace is connected to the first transfer portion, and both ends thereof are exposed to the outside, a transfer means being mounted in the vacuum pyrolysis furnace along the longitudinal direction so as to transfer the melt in one direction, thereby transferring and pyrolyzing the melt, and the vacuum pyrolysis furnace having an oil vapor outlet for discharging oil vapor resulting from transfer and pyrolysis of the melt; a second transfer portion connected to the other end of the vacuum pyrolysis furnace so as to transfer the pyrolysis remnant of the melt; a discharge portion connected to the second transfer portion so as to discharge the pyrolysis remnant; a first condenser connected to the vapor outlet so as to condense the water vapor; a second condenser connected to the other end of the vacuum pyrolysis furnace so as to transfer the pyrolysis remnant of the melt; a discharge portion connected to the second transfer portion so as to discharge the pyrolysis remnant; a first condenser connected to the vapor outlet so as to condense is the water vapor; a second condenser connected to the oil vapor outlet so as to condense the oil vapor; multiple third condensers connected to the second condenser via first, second, and third valves, respectively; a vacuum pump connected to the multiple third condensers via fourth, fifth, and sixth valves, respectively; and a fourth condenser connected to the vacuum pump.

There are disclosed a heat treatment installation and a method of producing shaped components having at least two microstructural regions of different ductility or strength from semi-finished products of hardenable steel, using a continuous furnace which permits heating of the semi-finished products to a first temperature in a first region and permits heating of the semi-finished products to a second temperature, which differs from the first temperature, in a second region. The two regions are separated from one another by partition walls extending in the transport direction, and the continuous furnace includes a lifting-step chain conveyor as a transport device.

A DC plasma arc furnace, a method of co-processing waste and metal, a method of producing energy by processing material using the furnace, and the products produced by the furnace are provided. Metal may be efficiently processed by the furnace via an increased organic content in other feedstock fed into the furnace.

A system of obtaining an aluminium melt including SiC particles for use when moulding vehicle parts, e.g. brake disks. The system comprises a pre-processing tank (2),configured to receive SiC particles and to apply a pre-processing procedure to pre-process the SiC particles; a SiC particle transport member (4) configured to transport the pre-processed SiC particles from the pre-processing tank (2) to a crucible (6) of a melting furnace device (8), and that the melting furnace device (8) is configured to receive and melt solid aluminium, e.g. aluminium slabs, and to hold an aluminium melt (10) and to receive said pre-processed SiC particles (12). The pre-processing tank (2) is a fluidization tank, and that said pre-processing procedure is a fluidization procedure including heating and fluidizing of said SiC particles. The fluidization procedure is performed during a predetermined time period, and that said heating comprises heating said SiC particles up to at least 400° C., in order to achieve a protective oxide layer around said SiC particles.

The disclosure relates to a machine for thermal treatment of bulk material, comprising, a stationary furnace which presents a support structure, and a plurality of pallet cars traveling through the furnace, said plurality of pallet cars together defining, at a lateral side thereof, a common engagement surface which extends through the furnace, wherein a gap is defined between the support structure of the furnace and the common engagement surface, said gap having a gap length, the machine further comprising: a sealing system comprising: one or more drop bars, wherein each drop bar of the one or more drop bars includes a brush arranged on the drop bar such that the brush is configured to be in engagement with the common engagement surface such that the one or more drop bars covers the gap over at least parts of the gap length.

The disclosure relates to a machine for thermal treatment of bulk material, comprising, a stationary furnace which presents a support structure, and a plurality of pallet cars traveling through the furnace, said plurality of pallet cars together defining, at a lateral side thereof, a common engagement surface which extends through the furnace, wherein a gap is defined between the support structure of the furnace and the common engagement surface, said gap having a gap length, the machine further comprising: a sealing system comprising: one or more drop bars, wherein each drop bar of the one or more drop bars includes a brush arranged on the drop bar such that the brush is configured to be in engagement with the common engagement surface such that the one or more drop bars covers the gap over at least parts of the gap length.

A substrate processing apparatus includes: a carrier storage rack configured to place and store a carrier that accommodates a substrate; a gas supply configured to supply an inert gas into the carrier placed on the carrier storage rack; and a controller configured to control whether to supply the inert gas into the carrier based on at least one of carrier information and substrate information.

In an embodiment, an apparatus comprising: a heater configured to heat a wafer located on a wafer staging area of the heater, the heater comprising a heater shaft extending below the wafer staging area; and a heater lift assembly comprising: a lift shaft configured to move the heater shaft in a vertical direction; a clamp that connects the heater shaft to the lift shaft; and a damper disposed on top of the clamp.

A refractory article having a support structure including a first plurality of posts coupled by a first member; and a second plurality of posts substantially parallel with the first plurality of posts, the second plurality of posts coupled by a second member, wherein the support structure has a height, H, and wherein the first and second members are positioned between 0.3H and 0.7H. In another aspect, the support structure has a height to width ratio of at least 1.5, a stiffness factor of no greater than 100 mm, and a solid to open volume ratio of no greater than 5%. In another aspect, the support structure has a weight of no greater than 1200 kg, a stiffness factor of no greater than 100 mm, and a solid to open volume ratio of no greater than 5%.