Recycling of low and medium radioactivity nuclear waste from VVER and RBMK reactors and other nuclear installations.

The invention uses a recycling plant consisting of a waste feed unit; a plasma shaft-type furnace with a melter in the hearth of the furnace and a slug discharge unit connected with a receiving tank for molten slug; an air supply unit delivering air to the furnace to a pyrolysis gas combustion chamber; an evaporative heat exchanger for sharp reduction of the flue gases temperature; a gas purification unit with a sock-type filter; a heat-exchanger and a scrubber; pumps and tanks for agents and recycled products; fittings; and at least, one control module which is electrically connected to the slug discharge control module, an interior environment control module, an equipment status control module and, at least, one gas analytical module.

Processes and plants for producing cement clinker, wherein no recirculation of preheater exhaust gases occurs and the ratio of solid fed in to exhaust gas in the preheater is set to greater than 1.0 kg of solid to gas.

A piping apparatus includes an exhaust pipe providing a passage through which the exhaust gas discharged, and a harmful gas treatment device positioned between a rear end of the vacuum pump and a front end of the exhaust pipe or positioned on the exhaust pipe, wherein the harmful gas treatment device includes a heating means for increasing the temperature of the exhaust gas so as to prevent a sublimable component, from among components included in the exhaust gas, from being sublimated and accumulated inside the exhaust pipe, and the heating means is positioned on a section including a sublimation condition occurrence point, at which a sublimation condition of the sublimable component occurs, and an upstream side of the sublimation condition occurrence point on the exhaust pipe, and the sublimation condition is a temperature condition for the pressure of the sublimable component.

The invention discloses an opposed-injection aluminum melting furnace uniform combustion system which comprises: a furnace body, a first heat storage unit, a second heat storage unit, and four fuel injection guns disposed diagonally on two end walls of the furnace body comprising a first fuel injection gun located on the first end wall of the furnace body adjacent to the second heat storage unit, a second fuel injection gun located on the second end wall of the furnace body adjacent to the first heat storage unit, a third fuel injection gun on the second end wall of the furnace body adjacent to the second heat storage unit, and a fourth fuel injection gun located on the first end wall of the furnace body adjacent to the first heat storage unit, the gas injection direction of the first fuel injection gun is parallel with that of the second fuel injection gun with a spacing H between the axes thereof, the gas injection direction of the third fuel injection gun is parallel with that of the fourth fuel injection gun, with a spacing H between the axes thereof, and the spacing H between the axes is set to a quarter to one tenth of the furnace body width, such that the gas entering the chamber are oppositely-injected to form a swirling flow.

The invention discloses an opposed-injection aluminum melting furnace uniform combustion system which comprises: a furnace body, a first heat storage unit, a second heat storage unit, and four fuel injection guns disposed diagonally on two end walls of the furnace body comprising a first fuel injection gun located on the first end wall of the furnace body adjacent to the second heat storage unit, a second fuel injection gun located on the second end wall of the furnace body adjacent to the first heat storage unit, a third fuel injection gun on the second end wall of the furnace body adjacent to the second heat storage unit, and a fourth fuel injection gun located on the first end wall of the furnace body adjacent to the first heat storage unit, the gas injection direction of the first fuel injection gun is parallel with that of the second fuel injection gun with a spacing H between the axes thereof, the gas injection direction of the third fuel injection gun is parallel with that of the fourth fuel injection gun, with a spacing H between the axes thereof, and the spacing H between the axes is set to a quarter to one tenth of the furnace body width, such that the gas entering the chamber are oppositely-injected to form a swirling flow.

A melting furnace includes a melting portion to which a metal material is supplied; a burner for melting the metal material in the melting portion; a heating portion that receives the molten material from the melting portion; a temperature regulating portion that receives the molten material from the heating portion; a separator that separates the heating portion and the temperature regulating portion, wherein the lower portion of the separator is immersed in the molten material to form, below the separator, an inlet; an immersion heater wherein at least part of the immersion heater is immersed in the molten material in the temperature regulating portion; and a gas introduction path that is formed in the separator, and that introduces combustion gas from the burner into a space above the molten material in the temperature regulating portion; wherein the burner is controlled so that the combustion gas has an oxygen concentration of 5% or less.

The disclosure relates to a method for opening up electrochemical energy storage devices in connection with a subsequent recovery of valuable materials contained therein as secondary raw materials, in which method the energy storage devices are opened up by means of a thermal treatment system to remove the electrolytes and reactive substances, before the thermally treated material is subjected to processing, whereby secondary raw materials in the thermally treated material are separated from one another. The thermal treatment is performed in an indirectly heated furnace 2 under atmospheric pressure conditions or a slight overpressure relative to the ambient pressure of up to 20 mbar in a reducing atmosphere, and influence is exerted on the course of the thermal treatment process via the reducing atmosphere, as a control variable. Furthermore, a thermal treatment system is described for removing electrolytes and reactive substances in electrochemical energy storage devices and consequently for pyrolytic opening.

A system and method of providing power to at least one component within a gas furnace, the method including operating a gas furnace to produce thermal energy; operating a waste heat assembly to extract the thermal energy from the gas furnace; operating the waste heat assembly to convert the extracted thermal energy to electrical energy; operating the waste heat assembly to transmit the electrical energy to at least one component of the gas furnace.

A furnace for a heating, ventilation, and/or air conditioning (HVAC) system includes a heat exchanger tube including a tube inlet and a tube outlet, such that the heat exchanger tube is configured to receive combustion products via the tube inlet, circulate the combustion products through the heat exchanger tube, and discharge the combustion products via the tube outlet. Additionally, the furnace includes a collector box coupled to the heat exchanger tube and having a cavity configured to receive the combustion products via the tube outlet. The furnace includes a diverter plate disposed within the cavity, where the diverter plate overlaps the tube outlet to disperse the combustion products received via the tube outlet throughout the collector box.

Pyrolysis methods and apparatuses that allow effective heat removal, for example when necessary to achieve a desired throughput or process a desired type of biomass, are disclosed. According to representative methods, the use of a quench medium (e.g., water), either as a primary or a secondary type of heat removal, allows greater control of process temperatures, particularly in the reheater where char, as a solid byproduct of pyrolysis, is combusted. Quench medium may be distributed to one or more locations within the reheater vessel, such as above and/or within a dense phase bed of fluidized particles of a solid heat carrier (e.g., sand) to better control heat removal.