A system and method for improving the water quality of a dehydration tower in a purified terephthalic acid device includes a dehydration washing device, a tail gas condensation device communicating with the top of the dehydration washing device, and a water separation device communicating with the tail gas condensation device. The system reduces energy consumption. The tail gas condensation device uses low-pressure vapor of about 0.05 MPa generated by an N.sub.m-th-stage condenser as a heating medium. Working media are water and the low-pressure vapor, and no organic phase is involved in a process, and a reaction is stable and intrinsically safe. The water in the water separation tower is purified water and concentrated water, the purified water is returned to the top of the dehydration tower, and the concentrated water is mixed with a mother liquor and then enters the dehydration tower.

A system and method for improving the water quality of a dehydration tower in a purified terephthalic acid device includes a dehydration washing device, a tail gas condensation device communicating with the top of the dehydration washing device, and a water separation device communicating with the tail gas condensation device. The system reduces energy consumption. The tail gas condensation device uses low-pressure vapor of about 0.05 MPa generated by an N.sub.m-th-stage condenser as a heating medium. Working media are water and the low-pressure vapor, and no organic phase is involved in a process, and a reaction is stable and intrinsically safe. The water in the water separation tower is purified water and concentrated water, the purified water is returned to the top of the dehydration tower, and the concentrated water is mixed with a mother liquor and then enters the dehydration tower.

Modular air cooled condenser apparatus and related methods are disclosed. An example mechanical draft modular air cooled condenser includes a first condenser bundle having a set of tubes arranged parallel to each other in a first plane that is inclined by an angle with respect to the horizontal; a second condenser bundle having a set of tubes arranged parallel to each other in a second plane that is inclined by an angle (180-) with respect to the horizontal; a third condenser bundle having a set of tubes arranged parallel to each other in a third plane that is inclined by an angle with respect to the horizontal; a fourth condenser bundle having a set of tubes arranged parallel to each other in a fourth plane that is inclined by an angle (180-) with respect to the horizontal; and a fan to create a draft to flow over the condenser bundles.

Modular air cooled condenser apparatus and related methods are disclosed. An example mechanical draft modular air cooled condenser includes a first condenser bundle having a set of tubes arranged parallel to each other in a first plane that is inclined by an angle with respect to the horizontal; a second condenser bundle having a set of tubes arranged parallel to each other in a second plane that is inclined by an angle (180-) with respect to the horizontal; a third condenser bundle having a set of tubes arranged parallel to each other in a third plane that is inclined by an angle with respect to the horizontal; a fourth condenser bundle having a set of tubes arranged parallel to each other in a fourth plane that is inclined by an angle (180-) with respect to the horizontal; and a fan to create a draft to flow over the condenser bundles.

A liquid separator and concentrator is disclosed. An example liquid separator and concentrator includes a separator column. A spray chamber has a sprayer nozzle to spray an influent within the spray chamber and create a falling film in the separator column. A heating jacket surrounds the separator column, wherein the heating jacket heats the falling film to evaporate at least one portion of the falling film and leaves a concentrate. A concentrate collection vessel receives the concentrate from the separator column.

A liquid separator and concentrator is disclosed. An example liquid separator and concentrator includes a separator column. A spray chamber has a sprayer nozzle to spray an influent within the spray chamber and create a falling film in the separator column. A heating jacket surrounds the separator column, wherein the heating jacket heats the falling film to evaporate at least one portion of the falling film and leaves a concentrate. A concentrate collection vessel receives the concentrate from the separator column.

The invention relates to a device for operating a thermodynamic cycle, in particular an ORC process, comprising: a feed pump for conveying liquid working medium to an evaporator by increasing the pressure; the evaporator for evaporating and optionally additionally superheating the working medium by supplying heat; an expansion machine for producing mechanical energy by expanding the evaporated working medium; and at least two condensers connected in parallel between the expansion machine and the feed pump for condensing and optionally subcooling the expanded working medium. The invention further relates to a corresponding method for operating a thermodynamic cycle.

A liquid separator and concentrator is disclosed. An example liquid separator and concentrator includes a separator column. A spray chamber has a sprayer nozzle to spray an influent within the spray chamber and create a falling film in the separator column. A heating jacket surrounds the separator column, wherein the heating jacket heats the falling film to evaporate at least one portion of the falling film and leaves a concentrate. A concentrate collection vessel receives the concentrate from the separator column.

A liquid separator and concentrator is disclosed. An example liquid separator and concentrator includes a separator column. A spray chamber has a sprayer nozzle to spray an influent within the spray chamber and create a falling film in the separator column. A heating jacket surrounds the separator column, wherein the heating jacket heats the falling film to evaporate at least one portion of the falling film and leaves a concentrate. A concentrate collection vessel receives the concentrate from the separator column.

An air cooled steam condenser having heat exchanger panels supported in a heat exchange frame section. A bottom bonnet runs along the bottom length of each heat exchanger panel for delivering steam to the bottom end of condenser tubes in the heat exchange panel and for receiving condensate formed in those same tubes. The tops of the tubes are connected to a top bonnet. Uncondensed steam and non-condensables are drawn into the top bonnet from the condenser tubes. A steam distribution manifold is located below the heat exchange section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchange panels and delivers steam to each heat exchange panel via a single steam inlet located at a center point of each bottom bonnet.