An apparatus for heating gas utilizes a series of chambers through which a gas volume is advanced, and a gradational heat transfer element which enables incremental heat transfer to the gas volume as the gas volume is advanced through the chambers.

An apparatus for heating gas utilizes a series of chambers through which a gas volume is advanced, and a gradational heat transfer element which enables incremental heat transfer to the gas volume as the gas volume is advanced through the chambers.

A heat sink, which includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, where the second surface includes a plurality of sub-surfaces, and each sub-surface is configured to be in contact with a surface of a heat emitting element; the plurality of sub-surfaces include a first sub-surface, a thickness between the first sub-surface and the first surface is less than a thickness between the first surface and each of the plurality of sub-surfaces except the first sub-surface; and the heat sink includes a plurality of layers of graphene sheets, each layer of graphene sheet includes a plurality of flake graphite particles, and two adjacent flake graphite particles located in a same layer of graphene sheet are covalently bonded.

A heat exchanger includes a pressurized shell and a tube bundle with exchanging tubes between flexible tubesheets. The flexible tubesheets are reciprocally interconnected by tie rods in a central zone of the flexible tubesheets which is devoid of exchanging tubes. The exchanging tubes in the tube bundle are arranged around the tie rods. The heat exchanger may further include conveying diaphragms arranged along the tube bundle. The conveying diaphragms may be shaped, alternately, as discs and rings.

A heat sink includes an extruded component, a cast component, and an interface layer. The extruded component includes a first aluminum material and is configured to be coupled to a solid state light source. The cast component includes a second aluminum material overmolded onto a portion of the extruded component to form the interface layer. The interface layer is formed of at least one of the first and the second aluminum materials and abuts against and couples the extruded component to the cast component.

A method for fabricating an integrated heat pipe is disclosed. The integrated heat pipe includes a porous wick structure, a solid conducting structure, and an integrated part. In a CAD model, the porous wick structure is represented as a simple solid having a finite amount of mechanical interference; the solid conducting structure and the integrated part are represented as simple solids. After incorporating the CAD model into a 3D-printer build file, 3D-printer parameters representing the porous wick structure of the integrated heat pipe are assigned to a porous region component model within the 3D-printer build file, and standard 3D-printer parameters representing the solid conducting structure and the integrated part are assigned to a solid region component model within the 3D-printer build file. The 3D-printer build file is utilized to print the integrated heat pipe on a 3D printer.

A method for fabricating an integrated heat pipe is disclosed. The integrated heat pipe includes a porous wick structure, a solid conducting structure, and an integrated part. In a CAD model, the porous wick structure is represented as a simple solid having a finite amount of mechanical interference; the solid conducting structure and the integrated part are represented as simple solids. After incorporating the CAD model into a 3D-printer build file, 3D-printer parameters representing the porous wick structure of the integrated heat pipe are assigned to a porous region component model within the 3D-printer build file, and standard 3D-printer parameters representing the solid conducting structure and the integrated part are assigned to a solid region component model within the 3D-printer build file. The 3D-printer build file is utilized to print the integrated heat pipe on a 3D printer.

Heat transfer devices and methods for enclosing a heat source and facilitating convective heat transfer from the heat source. A heat transfer device includes an outer wall having an outer surface exposed to an environment of the heat transfer device and defining an outer shape of the heat transfer device, and an inner wall defining a flow passage through the heat transfer device. The outer wall and the inner wall collectively define an internal volume that is configured to house the heat source. The flow passage includes an inlet configured to receive a fluid from the environment, and an outlet configured to exhaust the fluid from the flow passage that includes a core region extending between the inlet and the outlet and configured to deliver the fluid from the inlet to the outlet and allow heat to exchange between the fluid within the core region and the internal volume.

Heat transfer devices and methods for making the same that include a first enclosure having at least one inlet port; a second enclosure having a bottom plate and one or more dividing walls to establish channels, at least one internal surface of each channel having rib structures to create turbulence in a fluid flow; and a jet plate connecting the first enclosure and the second enclosure having impinging jets that convey fluid from the first enclosure to the channels, said impinging jets being set at an angular deviation from normal to cause local acceleration of fluid and to increase a local heat transfer rate.

A heat sink assembly, includes: a first heat sink; an adhesive thermal interface material applied to the first heat sink to mate the first heat sink to a first heat-generating component; a second heat sink; one or more support members connecting the first heat sink and the second heat sink; and a non-adhesive thermal interface material applied to the second heat sink to mate the second heat sink to a second heat-generating component.