A hypersonic aircraft includes one or more leading edge assemblies that are designed to manage thermal loads experienced at the leading edges during high speed or hypersonic operation. Specifically, the leading edge assemblies may include an outer wall tapered to a leading edge or stagnation point. The outer wall may define a vapor chamber and a capillary structure within the vapor chamber for circulating a working fluid in either liquid or vapor form to cool the leading edge. In addition, a thermal energy storage reservoir positioned within the vapor chamber contains a phase change material for absorbing thermal energy.

A total heat exchange element includes a plurality of partition members made of a material that contains cellulose as a main component, a spacing member made of a material that contains cellulose as a main component, and an adhesive portion bonding the partition members and the spacing member together. The partition members are configured as flat sheets, and are stacked with a predetermined distance between them. The spacing member is disposed between adjacent ones of the stacked partition members to maintain the distance between them. The total heat exchange element has a first air flow path and a second air flow path alternately formed with one of the partition members interposed between the first and second air flow paths. The adhesive portion contains, as an adhesive component, cellulose having a smaller diameter than both of the cellulose forming the partition members and the cellulose forming the spacing member.

A total heat exchange element includes a plurality of partition members made of a material that contains cellulose as a main component, a spacing member made of a material that contains cellulose as a main component, and an adhesive portion bonding the partition members and the spacing member together. The partition members are configured as flat sheets, and are stacked with a predetermined distance between them. The spacing member is disposed between adjacent ones of the stacked partition members to maintain the distance between them. The total heat exchange element has a first air flow path and a second air flow path alternately formed with one of the partition members interposed between the first and second air flow paths. The adhesive portion contains, as an adhesive component, cellulose having a smaller diameter than both of the cellulose forming the partition members and the cellulose forming the spacing member.

A fluid vessel assembly is provided with a first vessel body with a first mating surface with a first plurality of generally planar nonparallel regions. The first vessel body forms a first portion of a fluid cavity. A second vessel body is provided with a second mating surface with a second plurality of generally planar nonparallel regions sized to engage the first mating surface. The second vessel body forms a second portion of the fluid cavity. The first mating surface and the second mating surface are friction stir welded together. The fluid vessel assembly does not include any threaded fasteners attaching the first vessel body to the second vessel body and does not include an additional gasket associated with the first mating surface or associated with the second mating surface between the first vessel body and the second vessel body.

A fluid vessel assembly is provided with a first vessel body with a first mating surface with a first plurality of generally planar nonparallel regions. The first vessel body forms a first portion of a fluid cavity. A second vessel body is provided with a second mating surface with a second plurality of generally planar nonparallel regions sized to engage the first mating surface. The second vessel body forms a second portion of the fluid cavity. The first mating surface and the second mating surface are friction stir welded together. The fluid vessel assembly does not include any threaded fasteners attaching the first vessel body to the second vessel body and does not include an additional gasket associated with the first mating surface or associated with the second mating surface between the first vessel body and the second vessel body.

Dehumidification elements are arranged on a surface of a fin included in a heat exchange member such that the dehumidification elements are dotted, and are fixed to the surface of the fin. The dehumidification elements each includes: a plurality of hygroscopic materials having a fine particle shape or a fine fiber shape; and a binder formed to bind the plurality of hygroscopic materials together. The dehumidification element is configured such that a mixture of the plurality of hygroscopic materials and the binder is formed in the shape of a pellet.

A heat exchanger assembly including an elongated tubular heat exchanger enclosure defining an interior chamber. A tube sheet is positioned within the interior chamber of the heat exchanger enclosure separating the interior chamber into a shell side and a channel side. The interior portion is configured to removably receive a tube bundle positioned within the shell side of the interior chamber. An annular sleeve member is positioned within the channel side of the interior chamber of the heat exchanger enclosure. An annular elastic torsion member is positioned within the channel side of the interior chamber of the heat exchanger such that the sleeve member is positioned between the tube sheet and the elastic torsion member. The elastic torsion member has an inner circumference deflectable relative to its outer circumference for torsioning the elastic torsion member.

A heat exchanger assembly including an elongated tubular heat exchanger enclosure defining an interior chamber. A tube sheet is positioned within the interior chamber of the heat exchanger enclosure separating the interior chamber into a shell side and a channel side. The interior portion is configured to removably receive a tube bundle positioned within the shell side of the interior chamber. An annular sleeve member is positioned within the channel side of the interior chamber of the heat exchanger enclosure. An annular elastic torsion member is positioned within the channel side of the interior chamber of the heat exchanger such that the sleeve member is positioned between the tube sheet and the elastic torsion member. The elastic torsion member has an inner circumference deflectable relative to its outer circumference for torsioning the elastic torsion member.

A tube bundle-type heat exchanger, to a tube base, and to a method for sealing same. Aspects of the invention relate to a tube base for a tube bundle-type heat exchanger. In particular, the tube base includes a stack of multiple tube base plates with at least one through-opening for receiving a respective tube of the tube bundle-type heat exchanger. The throughopening is sealed by at least one seal ring. Additional aspects relate to a tube bundle-type heat exchanger comprising such a tube base and to a method for sealing a tube bundle-type heat exchanger in particular in the region of the tube base.

An object of the present invention is to provide a paper for total heat exchange element, which has both of the heat transfer property and the moisture permeation property and is also excellent in the gas barrier property, and the present invention relates to a paper for total heat exchange element including a base paper containing a beaten natural pulp and a hygroscopic agent applied to the base paper, wherein a ratio of a fine fraction having a fiber length of 0.05 mm or less in the beaten natural pulp is from 10 to 25%.