An apparatus includes a heat exchanger configured to transfer heat to a fluid and to absorb heat from the fluid as the fluid flows between a warm end and a cold end of a cryocooler. The heat exchanger includes at least one section having a substrate of at least one allotropic form of carbon and a layer of nanoparticles on or over the substrate. The heat exchanger could include multiple sections, and each section could include one of multiple substrates and one of multiple layers of nanoparticles. The heat exchanger can further include pores through the multiple sections of the heat exchanger, where the pores are configured to allow the fluid to flow through the heat exchanger and to contact the substrates and the layers of nanoparticles. The nanoparticles could include at least one lanthanide element or alloy, and the substrate could include carbon nanotubes or graphene.

An aluminum alloy brazing sheet used for brazing in an inert gas atmosphere without using flux includes a core material of aluminum or aluminum alloy, and a brazing material of aluminum alloy including Si of 4.0 mass % to 13.0 mass % and cladding one side surface or both side surfaces of the core material. One or both of the core material and the brazing material includes any one or two or more types of X atoms (X is Mg, Li, Be, Ca, Ce, La, Y, and Zr). The aluminum alloy brazing sheet is a brazing sheet in which oxide particles including the X atoms and having a volume change ratio of 0.99 or lower with respect to an oxide film before brazing heating are formed on a surface thereof, by brazing heating.

Disclosed herein is a hollow tube comprising two ends, one end adapted to receive a fluid and the other end adapted to discharge the fluid, where the hollow tube has an interior surface and an exterior surface and a curable composition is disposed about at least a portion of the exterior surface of the hollow tube, where the curable composition comprises before cure: a curable component, a thermally conductive component, a phase change material, and a cure system.

A thermal energy exchange tube for a heat exchanger includes a tube inner surface and a tube outer surface radially offset from the tube inner surface. The tube outer surface includes patterned porosity with a plurality of high porosity regions of the tube outer surface having relatively high porosity to promote flow of fluid radially inwardly via capillary flow, and a plurality of low porosity regions of the tube outer surface having relatively low porosity to facilitate vapor departure from the tube outer surface.

A heat exchanger includes a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer. The first layer includes a first width W.sub.1 extending in a first direction and a first length L.sub.1 extending in a second direction. The second layer includes a second length L.sub.2 extending in the first direction and a second width W.sub.2 extending in the second direction. The third layer includes a third width W.sub.3 extending in the first direction and a third length L.sub.3 extending in a second direction. The second layer is between the first layer and the third layer. The first length L.sub.1 of the first layer and the third length L.sub.3 of the third layer both extend further in the second direction than the second width W.sub.2 of the second layer. The first layer and the third layer include an overhang.

A heat exchange system including a tank, a phase change material (PCM) held in the tank, an immiscible liquid layer held in the tank, a heat exchanger located within the immiscible liquid layer, and a distributor located above the heat exchanger. The immiscible liquid layer has a density lower than a density of the PCM and is located above the PCM. The distributor is configured to introduce a plurality of PCM droplets into the immiscible liquid layer and above the heat exchanger.

A heat exchanger includes: a copper pipe forming a refrigerant circulation passage; and a plurality of fins arranged at positions spaced apart from each other along one direction and coupled to an outer circumferential surface of the copper pipe, wherein the copper pipe includes: a plurality of straight tubes extending along the arranged direction of the plurality of fins; and a plurality of return bends connected to one end of one of the plurality of straight tubes and one end of another one of the plurality of straight tubes by welding, wherein burrs having a circumference greater than an outer diameter of each straight tube are formed at both ends of the plurality of straight tubes, a distance between a rim of the burr and an outer surface of the straight tube is 0.4 mm to 1.8 mm.

A heat sink for use in induction welding includes a number of tiles, wherein the tiles are electrically non-conductive and have a thermal diffusivity of greater than about 25 mm2/sec. A joint flexibly joins the tiles together.

A coating composition for a heat exchanger tube including vanadium (V), a flux, and a binder, wherein the vanadium is included in an amount of 28 to 38 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the composition, and a coating method of a heat exchanger tube using the same are provided.

A method and apparatus for separating a separation component from a gas stream. One exemplary method includes: flowing the gas stream across a process surface of a compliant composite heat transfer wall, wherein: the gas stream has an initial concentration of the separation component, and the gas stream has a gas temperature; flowing a cooling fluid across a cooling surface of the wall, wherein: the cooling fluid has a fluid temperature, and the fluid temperature is less than the gas temperature; and producing an output gas stream, wherein: the output gas stream has an output concentration of the separation component, and the output concentration is less than the initial concentration. Another exemplary method includes separating at least a portion of the separation component from the gas stream by: accumulating the portion proximate the process surface; and delaminating the portion from the process surface with a flow of the gas stream.