The present disclosure provides for a heat exchanger having a heat exchanger shell and a heat exchanger core defined by plurality of core elements releasably connected together when positioned within the heat exchanger shell. Each core element is defined by first and second opposing plates permanently fixed together with a fluid flow path formed therebetween. A coolant flow path is formed between adjacent core elements. A fluid seal positioned between adjacent core elements is configured to form a fluid tight seal between the fluid flow path and the coolant flow path. Individual core elements may be removed from the heat exchanger core to permit removal of coolant precipitated material deposits therefrom.

A boiler that includes a housing is disclosed. The housing houses a combustion chamber, a heat exchanger system, a heat flow path, an isolating member, and a removable panel. The heat flow path thermally couples the combustion chamber and the heat exchanger system. The isolating member at least partially separates the combustion chamber from the heat exchanger system wherein. When the removable panel is removed a user is provided access to the heat exchanger system. The isolating member is internal to the housing. The removable panel is an internal removable panel positioned on the isolating member. When the internal removable panel is removed, the user is provided internal access to the heat exchanger system. In other embodiments, the panel is an external removable panel positioned on an exterior wall of the housing. When the exterior removable panel is removed, the user is provided exterior access to the heat exchanger system.

A boiler that includes a housing is disclosed. The housing houses a combustion chamber, a heat exchanger system, a heat flow path, an isolating member, and a removable panel. The heat flow path thermally couples the combustion chamber and the heat exchanger system. The isolating member at least partially separates the combustion chamber from the heat exchanger system wherein. When the removable panel is removed a user is provided access to the heat exchanger system. The isolating member is internal to the housing. The removable panel is an internal removable panel positioned on the isolating member. When the internal removable panel is removed, the user is provided internal access to the heat exchanger system. In other embodiments, the panel is an external removable panel positioned on an exterior wall of the housing. When the exterior removable panel is removed, the user is provided exterior access to the heat exchanger system.

An apparatus comprising a heat exchanger and one or more induction heating elements is disclosed. The heat exchanger comprises a coolant side conduit and a process side conduit, the process side conduit being susceptible to fouling by at least partial desublimation, condensation, crystallization, deposition, or combinations thereof of a fouling component of a circulating process fluid. An electrically conductive first metal is disposed adjacent to the process side conduit. The one or more induction heating elements are disposed proximate to the heat exchanger. The one or more induction heating elements are connected to a source of electrical current. When the electrical current flows through the induction heating elements, eddy currents are induced in the first metal, heating the first metal such that the fouling component sublimates, melts, absorbs, or a combination thereof into the circulating process fluid.

The invention relates to a device (1) for generating steam. The device (1) comprises a first plate (2) being inclined at a positive first angle (AO) compared to the horizontal direction (H) to define a first upper end (2a) and a first lower end (2b), a heating element (3) to heat the first plate (2) to a predetermined temperature being at least above water evaporation temperature, a water inlet arrangement (4) for dispensing water onto the first plate (2), a second plate (5) being inclined at a negative second angle (BO) compared to the horizontal direction (H) to define a second upper end (5a) and a second lower end (5b), the second upper end (5a) adjoining the first lower end (2b), and a container (6) extending at least below said first lower end (2b), said container (6) being arranged for collecting scale flakes falling from the first plate (2). This solution allows creating a larger volume for the collection of scale, thus increasing the operating life of the device (1).

A water quality management device is provided with a water quality index value acquisition unit which acquires water quality index values including a makeup water quality index value indicating water quality of makeup water and a circulating water quality index value indicating water quality of circulating water, and a determining unit which determines an amount of concentration control associated with a concentration rate of a circulating water system based on the water quality index values acquired by the water quality index value acquisition unit.

The invention provides a cooler apparatus and a method use. The cooler apparatus has at least one heat exchange conduit passing through a cooling medium. The method comprises flowing a fluid to be cooled through the at least one heat exchange conduit from a first cooler inlet to a first cooler outlet, to cool the fluid from an inflow temperature to an exit temperature by heat exchange with the cooling medium. In an aspect of the invention, the flow of the fluid through the at least one heat exchange conduit and the flow of the cooling medium are controlled to cause a local increase in a temperature in a selected portion of the at least one heat exchange conduit. This causes deposits of solids to be released from an inner surface of the selected portion of the at least one heat exchange conduit into the flowing fluid. The method may comprise restricting or containing the cooling medium around the selected portion of the at least one heat exchange conduit, and/or controlling the flow of the fluid to be cooled by re-routing the flow path of the fluid through a selected inlet of the at least one heat exchange conduit.

Fluid flow systems can include one or more thermoelectric devices in contact with the fluid flowing through the system. One or more thermoelectric devices can be operated in a temperature control mode and a measurement mode. Thermal behavior of the one or more thermoelectric devices can be analyzed to characterize a level of deposit formed on the thermoelectric device(s) from the fluid flowing through the system. Characterizations of deposition on thermoelectric devices operated at different temperatures can be used to establish a temperature-dependent deposition profile. The deposition profile can be used to determine if depositions are likely to form at various locations in the system, such as at a use device or in a flow vessel. Detected deposit conditions can initiate one or more corrective actions that can be taken to remove deposits, or to prevent or minimize deposit formation before deposits negatively impact operation of the system.

A heat and mass transfer system configured to be a passive system using gravitational force to form a thin liquid film flow on an outer surface of a flow distribution head and downstream conduit member to subject the thin liquid film to heat transfer mediums. The at least partially spherical flow distribution head creates a uniform thin flow of liquid on the outer surface increasing the efficiency of the heat and mass transfer system. The heat and mass transfer system may include a heat transfer medium supply system in fluid communication with internal aspects of the downstream conduit such that a heat transfer medium flows within the downstream conduit while the liquid film flows on the outer surface of the downstream conduit. Rather than conventional sheet flow on inner surfaces of a conduit, the flow distribution head enables sheet flow to be formed on an outside surface of a component.

A heat and mass transfer system configured to be a passive system using gravitational force to form a thin liquid film flow on an outer surface of a flow distribution head and downstream conduit member to subject the thin liquid film to heat transfer mediums. The at least partially spherical flow distribution head creates a uniform thin flow of liquid on the outer surface increasing the efficiency of the heat and mass transfer system. The heat and mass transfer system may include a heat transfer medium supply system in fluid communication with internal aspects of the downstream conduit such that a heat transfer medium flows within the downstream conduit while the liquid film flows on the outer surface of the downstream conduit. Rather than conventional sheet flow on inner surfaces of a conduit, the flow distribution head enables sheet flow to be formed on an outside surface of a component.