The current document discloses a ground-detecting direct-wire descaler that detects and indicates whether or not a descaling signal with sufficient current and voltage is produced or, in other words, detects and indicates whether the pipe or other equipment to which the ground-detecting direct-wire descaler is coupled is isolated from AC ground. AC-ground detection occurs both on initial power on and at regular monitoring intervals. In certain implementations, ground-detecting direct-wire descaler additionally detects and indicates whether or not the three-pronged outlet, into which the power-cord plug of the ground-detecting direct-wire descaler is inserted, conforms to UBC standards and therefore has safety ground available for use as signal ground. The ground-detecting direct-wire descaler only attempts to produce a descaling signal when safety ground is detected.

The current document discloses a ground-detecting direct-wire descaler that detects and indicates whether or not a descaling signal with sufficient current and voltage is produced or, in other words, detects and indicates whether the pipe or other equipment to which the ground-detecting direct-wire descaler is coupled is isolated from AC ground. AC-ground detection occurs both on initial power on and at regular monitoring intervals. In certain implementations, ground-detecting direct-wire descaler additionally detects and indicates whether or not the three-pronged outlet, into which the power-cord plug of the ground-detecting direct-wire descaler is inserted, conforms to UBC standards and therefore has safety ground available for use as signal ground. The ground-detecting direct-wire descaler only attempts to produce a descaling signal when safety ground is detected.

A device for changing a flow direction through a heat exchanger, comprising a valve housing and a rotatable valve member arranged inside the valve housing. The valve housing comprises first and second ends and a centre axis (B) extending between them. The device comprises a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port. The first end is provided with the first port and the second end is provided with the third and fourth ports, wherein the valve member is rotatable between a first position and a second position and, in the first position, defines a conduit between the first port and the third port and, in the second position, defines a conduit between the first port and the fourth port. The valve member is rotatable around an axis of rotation offset from the centre axis (B) and extending through the centre of the first, and the first port is angularly displaced 90° around the centre axis (B) in relation to the third and fourth ports.

A fluid flow-path device facilitates a maintenance operation to remove a foreign substance adhered to a member, to prevent passage of the foreign material. The fluid flow-path device has a distribution header including a partition member and a header body in a flow-path formation body. The partition member partitions a distribution space of the distribution header into an upstream-side space that communicates with a supply opening in the header body, and a downstream-side space that communicates with a plurality of flow paths in the flow-path formation body. The partition member includes a region that prevents a foreign substance in a fluid from flowing from the upstream-side space to the downstream-side space, while allowing the fluid to flow. The header body has an opening that allows a washing fluid to flow into the downstream-side space, and an opening that allows the washing fluid to be discharged from the upstream-side space.

An antimicrobial lighting system is used to reduce microbial growth on surfaces in or on air conditioning and/or heating equipment. In some examples, antimicrobial light within one or more antimicrobial wavelength ranges is applied to inactivate one or more microorganisms on target surface(s) within or on a packaged terminal air conditioner (PTAC). The antimicrobial light may include light within a first antimicrobial wavelength range and/or light within a second antimicrobial wavelength range. The antimicrobial lighting system may include an array of individually controllable antimicrobial light segments. An array controller may individually control activation of the one or more antimicrobial light segments based on the status information or commands received from a PTAC controller or from an external computing device.

An antimicrobial lighting system is used to reduce microbial growth on surfaces in or on air conditioning and/or heating equipment. In some examples, antimicrobial light within one or more antimicrobial wavelength ranges is applied to inactivate one or more microorganisms on target surface(s) within or on a packaged terminal air conditioner (PTAC). The antimicrobial light may include light within a first antimicrobial wavelength range and/or light within a second antimicrobial wavelength range. The antimicrobial lighting system may include an array of individually controllable antimicrobial light segments. An array controller may individually control activation of the one or more antimicrobial light segments based on the status information or commands received from a PTAC controller or from an external computing device.

A heatsink comprising a heat exchange device having a plurality of heat exchange elements each having a surface boundary with respect to a heat transfer fluid, having successive elements or regions having varying size scales. According to one embodiment, an accumulation of dust or particles on a surface of the heatsink is reduced by a removal mechanism. The mechanism can be thermal pyrolysis, vibration, blowing, etc. In the case of vibration, adverse effects on the system to be cooled may be minimized by an active or passive vibration suppression system.

A method cleans surfaces in an internal volume of an aircraft component through which a medium flows. The method includes: connecting the internal volume to be cleaned to a steam generator; generating a cleaning steam having a predetermined vapour pressure and temperature by the steam generator; applying the cleaning steam to the surfaces to be cleaned in the internal volume; maintaining the vapour pressure and the temperature within the internal volume for the duration of a predetermined condensation time; generating a pressure drop in the internal volume of the aircraft component, in order to vaporise the portion of the cleaning steam that condensed during the condensation time; and removing the cleaning steam from the internal volume via a discharge device.

A method and apparatus for induction heating or vaporization of water, oil, or other fluids. An induction heater system includes a ferrous heat tube, an induction coil extending around the ferrous heat tube, an induction drive, and a controller to regulate the operation of the induction drive or a fluid supply or both, to heat or vaporize the fluid.

A method and apparatus for induction heating or vaporization of water, oil, or other fluids. An induction heater system includes a ferrous heat tube, an induction coil extending around the ferrous heat tube, an induction drive, and a controller to regulate the operation of the induction drive or a fluid supply or both, to heat or vaporize the fluid.