The present document discloses water-treatment, descaling, and monitoring systems that include components selected from among: (1) water-treatment components; (2) a component that protects system components, plumbing, and appliances from limescale build-up by generation of a pure sine-wave descaling signal that passes FCC requirements; (3) a component that generates an electrolysis-inhibiting signal; (4) components that monitor propagation and the strength of the descaling signal within the plumbing system; (5) probe and sensor components that monitor water quality, the operational status of other components, and system characteristics; (6) components that prevent the descaling signal from interfering with probes, sensors, and water-treatment-system components; (7) a component that generates UV radiation for eliminating biological contaminants within water heaters and other appliances; and (8) wireless-communications components that facilitate transmission of alerts regarding operational status and water quality, remote control of system components in response to alerts, receiving system firmware and parameter updates, and transmitting status and monitoring data.

The present document discloses water-treatment, descaling, and monitoring systems that include components selected from among: (1) water-treatment components; (2) a component that protects system components, plumbing, and appliances from limescale build-up by generation of a pure sine-wave descaling signal that passes FCC requirements; (3) a component that generates an electrolysis-inhibiting signal; (4) components that monitor propagation and the strength of the descaling signal within the plumbing system; (5) probe and sensor components that monitor water quality, the operational status of other components, and system characteristics; (6) components that prevent the descaling signal from interfering with probes, sensors, and water-treatment-system components; (7) a component that generates UV radiation for eliminating biological contaminants within water heaters and other appliances; and (8) wireless-communications components that facilitate transmission of alerts regarding operational status and water quality, remote control of system components in response to alerts, receiving system firmware and parameter updates, and transmitting status and monitoring data.

A three-dimensionally distributed liquid atomization heat exchanger includes a housing, an air extraction device, a heat exchange device and a liquid atomization device. The air extraction device is used for forming negative pressure in the housing. The liquid atomization device comprises a liquid supply pipe, atomization discharge pipes and atomization heads. The atomization discharge pipes are connected to the liquid supply pipe. The atomization heads are arranged on the atomization discharge pipes. The atomization discharge pipes are three-dimensionally distributed in the housing. Control devices are arranged on the atomization heads to control the atomization heads to be opened or closed. The control devices are connected to a control center which can, according to a preset time, a preset percentage of the atomization heads which are open and a randomization function, select randomly the atomization heads to be opened or closed.

A heatsink comprising a heat exchange device having a plurality of heat exchange elements each having a surface boundary with respect to a heat transfer fluid, having successive elements or regions having varying size scales. According to one embodiment, an accumulation of dust or particles on a surface of the heatsink is reduced by a removal mechanism. The mechanism can be thermal pyrolysis, vibration, blowing, etc. In the case of vibration, adverse effects on the system to be cooled may be minimized by an active or passive vibration suppression system.

A system for cleaning a tube is provided. The system includes an enclosure, a laser, and an actuator. The enclosure receives the tube. The laser is disposed within the enclosure and operative to ablate a substance disposed on a surface of the tube. The actuator is operative to move the tube relative to the laser.

A system for cleaning a tube is provided. The system includes an enclosure, a laser, and an actuator. The enclosure receives the tube. The laser is disposed within the enclosure and operative to ablate a substance disposed on a surface of the tube. The actuator is operative to move the tube relative to the laser.

Disclosed herein is a pipe assembly comprising: a pipe with an electrically conductive wall with a thermally conductive outer coating; a first electrical connector that is arranged in electrical contact with the wall of the pipe; and a second electrical connector that is arranged in electrical contact with the wall of the pipe; wherein the first and second electrical connectors are arranged to support the flow of an electrical current through the wall of the pipe to thereby heat the wall of the pipe; and in use, the pipe is arranged to allow cooling of the outer surface of the wall of the pipe by the surrounding environment of the pipe when the outer surface of the wall of the pipe is hotter than its surrounding environment. Advantageously, embodiments provide an effective, efficient and less expensive technique for heating the pipe in order to remove deposits for the inner walls of the pipes. Applications include the subsea application of cooling oil well products for cold flow.

One example provides a cooling system, including: a first side configured to face an ambient environment; a second side configured to face an enclosure interior; a flange that surrounds the system and is configured for attachment to an opening of the enclosure; a thermostat; one or more fans; one or more compressors; and a controller configured to: utilize two or more set points and input from the thermostat to variably control the one or more fans and one or more compressors using variable direct current (VDC).

A method for manufacturing boiler tubes includes the steps of removing end caps from a plurality of tubes, the plurality of tubes including at least a first tube and a second tube, cleaning an outer surface of the first tube and the second tube, forming a weld preparation on an upstream end of the first tube, forming a weld preparation on a downstream end of the second tube, welding the upstream end of the first tube to the downstream end of the second tube to form a butt weld, to produce a long tube, and with an automated device, measuring a parameter of at least the first tube and the second tube. The steps of removing the end caps, cleaning the outer surface of the tubes, forming the weld preparations, welding the first tube to the second tube, and measuring the parameter are performed autonomously.

A method for manufacturing boiler tubes includes the steps of removing end caps from a plurality of tubes, the plurality of tubes including at least a first tube and a second tube, cleaning an outer surface of the first tube and the second tube, forming a weld preparation on an upstream end of the first tube, forming a weld preparation on a downstream end of the second tube, welding the upstream end of the first tube to the downstream end of the second tube to form a butt weld, to produce a long tube, and with an automated device, measuring a parameter of at least the first tube and the second tube. The steps of removing the end caps, cleaning the outer surface of the tubes, forming the weld preparations, welding the first tube to the second tube, and measuring the parameter are performed autonomously.