The present invention is directed to composite projectiles and the manufacture thereof for a wide range of purposes and applications through variation of the composite makeup of such composite projectiles. Embodiments of the invention include composite projectiles configured for manufacture using melt-flow manufacturing methods use-cases and composite projectiles having specialized performance for more effective use in specific use-cases.

A sub-mass projectile for a standard, unmodified firearm, comprising a core formed from a malleable core material with at least a portion of the core material being a non-metal material. The core has a lower mass than a standard projectile for the standard, unmodified firearm. An outer surface associated with the core has a diameter that is sized less than an outer diameter of a standard cartridge and larger than an inner diameter of a standard, unmodified barrel bore of the standard, unmodified firearm such that the outer surface associated with the core contacts the inner diameter of the standard, unmodified barrel bore to generate forces in the firearm that approximate operational forces of a standard mass projectile on the standard, unmodified firearm during operation.

A sub-mass projectile for a standard, unmodified firearm, comprising a core formed from a malleable core material with at least a portion of the core material being a non-metal material. The core has a lower mass than a standard projectile for the standard, unmodified firearm. An outer surface associated with the core has a diameter that is sized less than an outer diameter of a standard cartridge and larger than an inner diameter of a standard, unmodified barrel bore of the standard, unmodified firearm such that the outer surface associated with the core contacts the inner diameter of the standard, unmodified barrel bore to generate forces in the firearm that approximate operational forces of a standard mass projectile on the standard, unmodified firearm during operation.

A sub-mass projectile for a firearm includes a core having a relatively lower mass than a standard projectile for the firearm. A force inducer is associated with the core. The force inducer has an interface that interacts with the firearm. The interface includes a bearing surface with a relatively larger outer diameter than a standard projectile for the firearm. The bearing surface bears against a surface of the firearm during operation so as to increase resistive forces between the sub-mass projectile and the firearm to a magnitude sufficient to approximate the kinetic forces of a standard mass projectile on the firearm during operation.

A sub-mass projectile for a firearm includes a core having a relatively lower mass than a standard projectile for the firearm. A force inducer is associated with the core. The force inducer has an interface that interacts with the firearm. The interface includes a bearing surface with a relatively larger outer diameter than a standard projectile for the firearm. The bearing surface bears against a surface of the firearm during operation so as to increase resistive forces between the sub-mass projectile and the firearm to a magnitude sufficient to approximate the kinetic forces of a standard mass projectile on the firearm during operation.

A non-lethal projectile formed by a front shell, with a hemispherical nose and a cylindrical shaft, and a base at the tail. The hemispherical nose has three or more bi-planar grooves, originating along the junction of the hemispherical nose and cylindrical shaft, extending toward the nose in an inward whorled manner, and terminating around the apex of the hemisphere. The grooves cause the projectile to spin, thereby creating a stabilizing gyroscopic effect when launched. The projectile's base has a domed shape. The convex inner surface of the dome has a profile complimentary to the hemispherical nose of the shell so that multiple projectiles may nest nose to tail when loaded into a multiple round magazine. The convex tail design moves the center of gravity forward and increases the aerodynamic stability and accuracy of the projectile.

A non-lethal projectile formed by a front shell, with a hemispherical nose and a cylindrical shaft, and a base at the tail. The hemispherical nose has three or more bi-planar grooves, originating along the junction of the hemispherical nose and cylindrical shaft, extending toward the nose in an inward whorled manner, and terminating around the apex of the hemisphere. The grooves cause the projectile to spin, thereby creating a stabilizing gyroscopic effect when launched. The projectile's base has a domed shape. The convex inner surface of the dome has a profile complimentary to the hemispherical nose of the shell so that multiple projectiles may nest nose to tail when loaded into a multiple round magazine. The convex tail design moves the center of gravity forward and increases the aerodynamic stability and accuracy of the projectile.

The invention provides a long range bullet. The bearing surface of the body of the bullet is provided with one or more annular narrows of which the combined length is at least one third of the length of the bearing surface of the bullet and which depth is between 0.005 mm up to half of the groove depth of a barrel in which the bullet is intended to shoot.

The invention provides a long range bullet. The bearing surface of the body of the bullet is provided with one or more annular narrows of which the combined length is at least one third of the length of the bearing surface of the bullet and which depth is between 0.005 mm up to half of the groove depth of a barrel in which the bullet is intended to shoot.

An obturator ring (4) for a mortar round (2) is proposed where the geometry of the ring (4) is modified by its sliding and striking stationary anvil (18) when the round (2) is placed in the muzzle-loaded mortar's barrel (6) and reaches its bottom. The initial ring (4) geometry does not impede round's travel down the barrel (6) while its modified geometry provides a gas seal between the round (2) and the barrel (6) wall. Several embodiments featuring free-rotating (4), splined non-rotational (4a) and stationary separated (12a-14a) designs are presented. The ring works with both smoothbore and rifled mortar barrels and in several embodiments imparts rotation to the round (2) if used in a rifled barrel (6). An optimized muzzle-loaded mortar barrel (6) operating in cooperation with rounds equipped with the obturator ring of instant invention is also presented, containing rifled (6a) and smoothbore (6b) sections.