Systems and methods are provided for determining a position of a magnet. The systems and methods utilize a first sensor located at a first sensor position and arranged to measure at least two components of a magnetic field produced by the magnet, a second sensor located at a second sensor position and arranged to measure at least two components of the magnetic field produced by the magnet, and processing circuitry operatively connected to the first and second sensors to receive signals derived from signals outputted by the first and second sensors. A field angle is calculated from a first differential field of a first field dimension and a second differential field of a second field dimension orthogonal to the first field dimension. The first and second differential fields are calculated based on signals outputted by the first and second sensors.

A hybrid position sensor for determining the position of a hybrid target includes a main transducer for obtaining a first signal indicative for a position of the hybrid target within a first range and with a first resolution using a first or second technology; a support transducer for obtaining a second signal indicative for the position of the hybrid target within a second range and with a second resolution using the second technology if the main transducer is using the first technology and vice versa, wherein the first range is smaller than the second and the first resolution is higher than the second, and wherein the first technology is magnet based and the second technology is an inductive technology; a combiner for combining the obtained first signal and second signal to determine the position of the hybrid target.

A method for detecting a phase shift in an output signal of an inductive position sensor by calculating the phase spectrum of the position signal based on a Fast Fourier Transformation of the position signal and comparing the calculated phase spectrums over time to detect changes in the phase spectrums.

A linear variable differential transformer includes: a moving portion having a shape extending in a direction of an axial line; a bobbin including a through hole formed such that the moving portion is movable in the direction of the axial line, an outer circumferential surface of the bobbin having a shape inclined symmetrically with respect to a center line thereof based on the direction of the axial line; a primary coil wound around the outer circumferential surface of the bobbin; and a secondary coil wound around the wound primary coil, a wound outer surface of the secondary coil having a shape parallel to the axial line.

The present invention discloses a 3D defect detection method with magnetic flux leakage testing (MFLT). It has advantages of higher accuracy of 3D detection of defect and simpler testing device relative to the prior MFLT art. This method includes the following steps: S1: artificially magnetizing a to-be-tested structure, and measuring its MFLT signals {B}; S2: inverting magnetic charge distribution of the interior of the to-be-tested structure by using a magnetic charge distribution reconstruction algorithm to obtain the magnetic charge density of a non-defective region of the to-be-tested structure; and S3: using the magnetic charge density of the non-defective region of the to-be-tested structure as a known constant, and conducting inverse iteration to reconstruct defect depth of the defective region to obtain a 3D image of the defective region of the to-be-tested structure.

The present invention discloses a 3D defect detection method with magnetic flux leakage testing (MFLT). It has advantages of higher accuracy of 3D detection of defect and simpler testing device relative to the prior MFLT art. This method includes the following steps: S1: artificially magnetizing a to-be-tested structure, and measuring its MFLT signals {B}; S2: inverting magnetic charge distribution of the interior of the to-be-tested structure by using a magnetic charge distribution reconstruction algorithm to obtain the magnetic charge density of a non-defective region of the to-be-tested structure; and S3: using the magnetic charge density of the non-defective region of the to-be-tested structure as a known constant, and conducting inverse iteration to reconstruct defect depth of the defective region to obtain a 3D image of the defective region of the to-be-tested structure.

A method for installing a stroke sensor is provided such that the stroke sensor can be easily adjusted using a simple process. The method has the steps of; obtaining a relationship between the magnetic field and the indicator value while moving the magnet in the first direction relative to the magnetic field detecting element within a predetermined relative movable range, and writing the relationship in the processor; after the relationship is written in the processor, preventing the predetermined relative movable range from being shifted in the first direction by means of a jig for preventing positional shift, wherein the jig includes an element that fixes relative positions between the magnetic field detecting element and the magnet; attaching the magnet and the magnetic field detecting element, which have been prevented from being shifted, to different structures that are movable in the first direction relative to each other, and removing the jig.

In some embodiments, a position sensor calibration and linearization system for position sensors is provided. A method of calibrating and linearization of a position sensor includes reading Spatial Angle data from a position sensor at a set of positions of a target swept over receive coils in the position sensor; calculating calibration parameters from the Spatial Angle data; determining an initial position values from the Spatial Angle data and the calibration parameters; determining linearization parameters from the initial position values; and writing the calibration parameters and the linearization parameters into the position sensor.

A method for measuring a position, is performed by a vehicle assembly (VA) for alignment between a ground assembly (GA) and the VA. The method includes transmitting low frequency (LF) signals to initiate alignment with the GA and estimating a position of a vehicle using at least one sensor mounted on the vehicle. Information regarding the estimated position of the vehicle is provided to the GA and information regarding a position of the vehicle measured by LF receive antennas of the GA and an acceleration flag calculated by the GA is received. Accordingly, a transmission strength of the LF signals transmitted by the VA is adjusted based on the information regarding the position of the vehicle measured by the LF receive antennas and the acceleration flag.

An apparatus includes a flexible substrate; at least one sensor mounted on the flexible substrate arranged to provide an electrical output signal dependent upon a first parameter; and at least one conductive trace provided on the flexible substrate arranged to provide a direct current path to the at least one sensor and having an electrical property dependent upon a second parameter and arranged to provide an electrical output signal indicative of the second parameter.