A method involves determining, at a mobile device or a service, an uncertainty in height above a reference altitude, an estimated 2D position of the mobile device, and an uncertainty in terrain height above the reference altitude using the estimated 2D position. An uncertainty in height above terrain, of the mobile device, is determined at the mobile device or a server using the uncertainty in height above the reference altitude and the uncertainty in terrain height above the reference altitude.

A method involves determining, at a mobile device or a service, an uncertainty in height above a reference altitude, an estimated 2D position of the mobile device, and an uncertainty in terrain height above the reference altitude using the estimated 2D position. An uncertainty in height above terrain, of the mobile device, is determined at the mobile device or a server using the uncertainty in height above the reference altitude and the uncertainty in terrain height above the reference altitude.

A radio altimeter includes an electronically scanned array antenna. Orthogonal sweeps by the electronically scanned array antenna are used to identify a highest point in a region beneath the aircraft without the need for strong reflection. The electronically scanned array antenna may be reconfigured to scan a subregion including the highest point with a higher frequency beam and/or integrate multiple sweeps over time for a more accurate measurement.

Systems and methods for enabling charged (ionized) air mass measurement for reliable air data computation onboard an aircraft. Ionic charge sensing may be used to derive air data having improved reliability. The systems and methods for ionic charge sensing employ an emitter electrode and two or more collector electrodes, which electrodes are disposed in proximity to the exterior skin of the aircraft and exposed to ambient air. The emitter electrode is positioned forward of the collector electrodes. The system further includes a solid-state ionic air data module that converts currents from the collector electrodes into air data parameter values. More specifically, the ionic air data module is configured to sense currents induced in the collector electrodes in response to corona discharge produced by the high-voltage emitter electrode.

One or more computing devices, systems, and/or methods for calibrating barometric sensors and/or determining altitudes of devices are provided. In an example, one or more barometric pressure measures are determined using a barometric sensor of a device. One or more locations of the device are determined based upon one or more global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals and one or more corrective signals associated with the one or more GNSS signals. One or more reference values are determined based upon the one or more locations. A barometric offset is determined based upon the one or more barometric pressure measures and the one or more reference values. A first barometric measurement is performed using the barometric sensor to determine a first barometric pressure measure. An adjusted barometric pressure measure and/or an altitude of the device are determined based upon the first barometric pressure measure and the barometric offset.

One or more computing devices, systems, and/or methods for calibrating barometric sensors and/or determining altitudes of devices are provided. In an example, one or more barometric pressure measures are determined using a barometric sensor of a device. One or more locations of the device are determined based upon one or more global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals and one or more corrective signals associated with the one or more GNSS signals. One or more reference values are determined based upon the one or more locations. A barometric offset is determined based upon the one or more barometric pressure measures and the one or more reference values. A first barometric measurement is performed using the barometric sensor to determine a first barometric pressure measure. An adjusted barometric pressure measure and/or an altitude of the device are determined based upon the first barometric pressure measure and the barometric offset.

Systems and methods for determining a vehicle elevation height for launching an unmanned aerial vehicle may include performing a quantitative balancing analysis using baseline factors, establishing optimal values for operational goals of a vehicle based on the quantitative balancing analysis, determining a vehicle elevation height that achieves the established optimal values for the operational goals of the vehicle by evaluating vehicle delivery parameters using normalized values, and initiating on a winch system elevation of the unmanned aerial vehicle to the determined vehicle elevation height for launching.

Systems and methods for determining a vehicle elevation height for launching an unmanned aerial vehicle may include performing a quantitative balancing analysis using baseline factors, establishing optimal values for operational goals of a vehicle based on the quantitative balancing analysis, determining a vehicle elevation height that achieves the established optimal values for the operational goals of the vehicle by evaluating vehicle delivery parameters using normalized values, and initiating on a winch system elevation of the unmanned aerial vehicle to the determined vehicle elevation height for launching.

A safety monitoring harness system for the protection of a climber is disclosed. Comprising the safety monitoring harness system comprising a base, an alarm system, a strap length sensor assembly, a PCB, a first tether assembly, a second tether assembly and a power system. The first tether assembly and the second tether assembly each comprise a strap, a retraction assembly, and an anchoring hook. The safety monitoring harness system is configured to selectively attach to the climber by: securing a harness assembly to the climber, and securing the base to the harness assembly. a portion of the retraction assembly for each of the first tether assembly and the second tether assembly are enclosed within the base. The anchoring hook retract and extend between a plurality of lengths from the base.

A laser receiving arrangement, co-operable with a reference plane defined by a laser transmitter, including a data storage device, a sensing arrangement, a logic arrangement and a user interface. The data storage device stores a respective desired elevation for each of a plurality of target points. The sensing arrangement senses the reference plane and produces an output indicative of an elevation of a selected target point relative to the reference plane. The logic arrangement is configured to receive from the data storage device the respective desired elevation of the selected target point, receive the output of the sensing arrangement, and produce an output based on at least the received elevation and the received output. The user interface is configured to produce an output interpretable by a user, based on the output of the logic arrangement and indicative of a deviation of the target point from its respective desired elevation.