An invention relating to a method, a system, a container and a computer program product concerned with tracking a finite amount of liquid volume which is individualized into volume units. Each volume unit (Vu) comprises a define subset of volume from the finite amount of liquid volume (V). The liquid volume (V) is moved as volume units (Vu) and/or volume unit batch along a series of blocks in a network. The method comprises the steps of generating an identification representative of the specific liquid volume upon generation of that volume, storing that identification on a wirelessly readable communication unit applied on a single volume unit and/or single volume unit batch of the liquid volume, reading that identification by means of at least one first data acquisition unit upon movement of the single volume unit into a specific block in the network and enriching the identification with a specific block identification to form a first block identification and storing that first block identification on a distributed ledger. That last step can be repeated for each movement of the single unit from a parent block into a child block and thereby storing a numbering of subsequent block identification on the distributed ledger for each block the movement into is performed. Finally, an access to the volume unit in any one of the blocks in a network is recorded by means of the wirelessly readable communication unit and reflected in a subsequent reading of the identification.

An invention relating to a method, a system, a container and a computer program product concerned with tracking a finite amount of liquid volume which is individualized into volume units. Each volume unit (Vu) comprises a define subset of volume from the finite amount of liquid volume (V). The liquid volume (V) is moved as volume units (Vu) and/or volume unit batch along a series of blocks in a network. The method comprises the steps of generating an identification representative of the specific liquid volume upon generation of that volume, storing that identification on a wirelessly readable communication unit applied on a single volume unit and/or single volume unit batch of the liquid volume, reading that identification by means of at least one first data acquisition unit upon movement of the single volume unit into a specific block in the network and enriching the identification with a specific block identification to form a first block identification and storing that first block identification on a distributed ledger. That last step can be repeated for each movement of the single unit from a parent block into a child block and thereby storing a numbering of subsequent block identification on the distributed ledger for each block the movement into is performed. Finally, an access to the volume unit in any one of the blocks in a network is recorded by means of the wirelessly readable communication unit and reflected in a subsequent reading of the identification.

A water content sensor includes: a light emitter that emits detection light having a first wavelength band and reference light a second wavelength band toward a road surface; a first light receiver that converts the detection light reflected by the road surface to a first electric signal; a second light receiver that converts the reference light reflected by the road surface to a second electric signal; and a computation processor that detects the amount of water based on a signal ratio between the first electric signal and the second electric signal. The computation processor detects the amount of water based on the signal ratio obtained when the signal intensity of at least one of the first electric signal and the second electric signal is within a predetermined range defined relative to a reference value.

A water content sensor includes: a light emitter that emits detection light having a first wavelength band and reference light a second wavelength band toward a road surface; a first light receiver that converts the detection light reflected by the road surface to a first electric signal; a second light receiver that converts the reference light reflected by the road surface to a second electric signal; and a computation processor that detects the amount of water based on a signal ratio between the first electric signal and the second electric signal. The computation processor detects the amount of water based on the signal ratio obtained when the signal intensity of at least one of the first electric signal and the second electric signal is within a predetermined range defined relative to a reference value.

Provided is a loading tray assembly for housing a lyophilization container and a related system and method. The loading tray assembly includes a chassis including a contact void configured to facilitate direct contact between the attached lyophilization container and a lyophilizer shelf. The method includes securing a multi-part lyophilization container including a peelable seal on a lyophilization loading tray assembly, inputting a liquid into a non-breathable section of the lyophilization container, loading the tray assembly into a lyophilizer, freezing the liquid, applying heat energy and a vacuum, the vacuum causing an opening of the peelable seal and occluding the lyophilization container to isolate the frozen liquid.

A bubble measurement system includes a bubble detector including a vessel having a flow path configured to receive a flow of fluid includes air bubbles from a bubble generator. The bubble measurement system includes an imaging system having an imaging device for imaging the fluid and air bubbles in the flow path of the vessel of the bubble detector. The imaging system has an imaging controller coupled to the imaging device and receiving images from the imaging device. The imaging controller processes the images to measure bubble size of each air bubble passing through the bubble detector.

A bubble measurement system includes a bubble detector including a vessel having a flow path configured to receive a flow of fluid includes air bubbles from a bubble generator. The bubble measurement system includes an imaging system having an imaging device for imaging the fluid and air bubbles in the flow path of the vessel of the bubble detector. The imaging system has an imaging controller coupled to the imaging device and receiving images from the imaging device. The imaging controller processes the images to measure bubble size of each air bubble passing through the bubble detector.

An apparatus for estimating an amount of condensed water in an anode of a fuel cell system includes: an initial anode water vapor amount calculation unit to calculate an initial amount of water vapor in the anode of a fuel cell upon startup, an anode diffusion amount calculation unit to calculate an amount of H.sub.2O diffused from a cathode to the anode, a purge amount calculation unit to calculate an amount of water vapor discharged upon gas purging in the anode, a recirculation amount calculation unit to calculate the amount of water vapor recirculated to the anode, and a condensed water amount determination and water level estimation unit to calculate the actual amount of water vapor in the anode based on values calculated using these units and to calculate the amount of condensed water in a water trap.

An apparatus for estimating an amount of condensed water in an anode of a fuel cell system includes: an initial anode water vapor amount calculation unit to calculate an initial amount of water vapor in the anode of a fuel cell upon startup, an anode diffusion amount calculation unit to calculate an amount of H.sub.2O diffused from a cathode to the anode, a purge amount calculation unit to calculate an amount of water vapor discharged upon gas purging in the anode, a recirculation amount calculation unit to calculate the amount of water vapor recirculated to the anode, and a condensed water amount determination and water level estimation unit to calculate the actual amount of water vapor in the anode based on values calculated using these units and to calculate the amount of condensed water in a water trap.

A method of dispensing fluid includes three processes. A first one of these processes includes pumping fluid into a resilient variable-volume dispensing chamber. The dispensing chamber is in series with a normally present finite fluid impedance and an output. The impedance is sufficient so as to cause expansion of the dispensing chamber as it receives pumped fluid even while some fluid flows through the output. Another one of these processes includes repeatedly measuring a parameter related to volume of the dispensing chamber over time. A third one of these processes includes controlling the pumping of fluid based on repeated measurements of the parameter to produce a desired fluid flow through the output. A corresponding system for dispensing fluid implements these processes.