Avionic display systems and methods are provided for generating avionic displays, which include symbology and other graphics pertaining to forecast overpressure events, which are forecast to occur during supersonic aircraft flight. In various embodiments, the avionic display system includes a display device on which an avionic display is produced. A controller architecture is operably coupled to the display device. Storage media contains computer-readable code or instructions that, when executed by the controller architecture, cause the avionic display system to determine whether an overpressure event is forecast to occur due to the predicted future occurrence of a sonic boom, which has a magnitude exceeding a boom tolerance threshold. When the controller architecture determines that an overpressure event is forecast to occur, the avionic display system further generates symbology on the avionic display indicative of or visually signifying the forecast overpressure event.

Avionic display systems and methods are provided for generating avionic displays, which include symbology and other graphics pertaining to forecast overpressure events, which are forecast to occur during supersonic aircraft flight. In various embodiments, the avionic display system includes a display device on which an avionic display is produced. A controller architecture is operably coupled to the display device. Storage media contains computer-readable code or instructions that, when executed by the controller architecture, cause the avionic display system to determine whether an overpressure event is forecast to occur due to the predicted future occurrence of a sonic boom, which has a magnitude exceeding a boom tolerance threshold. When the controller architecture determines that an overpressure event is forecast to occur, the avionic display system further generates symbology on the avionic display indicative of or visually signifying the forecast overpressure event.

The invention relates in particular to a method for determining physical, chemical, and/or biological properties of a medium (M) located in the interior (30) of a waveguide (3) using at least one acoustic wave which has propagated at least partly through the medium (M). According to the invention, a first wall section (31a) and a second wall section (31b) of the waveguide (3) are connected together via a connection piece (31c) such that a second surface wave (OW2) propagates to the first wall section (31a) at least partly via the connection piece (31c). One of the wall sections (31a, 31b) and/or the connection piece (31c) is provided with at least one reflective element (4) on which at least one pert of a: least one first surface wave (OW1) that is excited on the first wall section (31a) by incurs of a transmitter (SE) is reflected ss a third surface wave (OW1). A receiver (SE) is used to receive second and third surface waves (OW2, OW1) on the first wall section (31a), and the second and third surface waves are used to determine physical, chemical, and/or biological properties of the medium (M).

A gases humidification system includes a measuring chamber and a mixing chamber. The mixing chamber has one or more mixing elements that improve a mixing of gases before reaching the measuring chamber. Ultrasonic sensing is used to measure gases properties or characteristics within the measuring chamber. A baffle or a vane may be used to control and direct the gases flow through the mixing chamber as the gases flow moves into the measuring chamber.

A gases humidification system includes a measuring chamber and a mixing chamber. The mixing chamber has one or more mixing elements that improve a mixing of gases before reaching the measuring chamber. Ultrasonic sensing is used to measure gases properties or characteristics within the measuring chamber. A baffle or a vane may be used to control and direct the gases flow through the mixing chamber as the gases flow moves into the measuring chamber.

A computer apparatus determines a highly accurate displacement of a sonar array in real time using multiple processors and data objects. The processors receive multiple sonar pings from a sonar array, instantiate the quasi-unique sonar objects, beamform, and update the objects using time-delay functions. Each object includes properties such as a time of flight value associated with a first ping, time-delay values associated with a second ping, a speed of sound value associated with the pair of consecutive pings, a sonar beam angle value associated with the first ping, and the displacement value. Processing code in each object utilize these properties to update the displacement value and provide it for SAS imaging.

A computer apparatus determines a highly accurate displacement of a sonar array in real time using multiple processors and data objects. The processors receive multiple sonar pings from a sonar array, instantiate the quasi-unique sonar objects, beamform, and update the objects using time-delay functions. Each object includes properties such as a time of flight value associated with a first ping, time-delay values associated with a second ping, a speed of sound value associated with the pair of consecutive pings, a sonar beam angle value associated with the first ping, and the displacement value. Processing code in each object utilize these properties to update the displacement value and provide it for SAS imaging.

Aerial vehicles may be outfitted with one or more ultrasonic anemometers, each having ultrasonic transducers embedded into external surfaces. The transducers may be aligned and configured to transmit acoustic signals to one another, and receive acoustic signals from one another, along one or more paths or axes. Elapsed times of signals transmitted and received by pairs of transducers may be used to determine air speeds along the paths or axes. Where two or more pairs of transducers are provided, a net vector may be derived based on air speeds determined along the paths or axes between the pairs of the transducers, and used to generate control signals for maintaining the aerial vehicle on a desired course, at a desired speed or altitude, or in a desired orientation. The transducers may be dedicated for use in an anemometer, or may serve multiple purposes, and may be reoriented or reconfigured as necessary.

Certain embodiments are directed to an acoustograph or acoustic sensor configured as a thermometer or direct specific absorption rate (DSAR) sensor for the measurement of electromagnetic energy.

Certain embodiments are directed to an acoustograph or acoustic sensor configured as a thermometer or direct specific absorption rate (DSAR) sensor for the measurement of electromagnetic energy.