A combined vapor and/or gas concentration sensor and switch includes a resonating structure, a first alternating current, AC, voltage source coupled to a drive electrode, the first AC voltage source providing the resonating structure with a first voltage having an amplitude causing a first vibration mode of the resonating structure to exhibit a pull-in band and having a first frequency response adjacent to the pull-in band, where the first frequency response is nonlinear, a second AC voltage source coupled to the drive electrode and providing a second voltage having a frequency so that a second frequency response of the resonant structure, adjacent to a third vibration mode, is linear, and a read-out circuit coupled configured to determine a vapor and/or gas concentration based on a difference between (1) the frequency of the second voltage and (2) a frequency obtained by the read-out circuit from the resonating structure.

A combined vapor and/or gas concentration sensor and switch includes a resonating structure, a first alternating current, AC, voltage source coupled to a drive electrode, the first AC voltage source providing the resonating structure with a first voltage having an amplitude causing a first vibration mode of the resonating structure to exhibit a pull-in band and having a first frequency response adjacent to the pull-in band, where the first frequency response is nonlinear, a second AC voltage source coupled to the drive electrode and providing a second voltage having a frequency so that a second frequency response of the resonant structure, adjacent to a third vibration mode, is linear, and a read-out circuit coupled configured to determine a vapor and/or gas concentration based on a difference between (1) the frequency of the second voltage and (2) a frequency obtained by the read-out circuit from the resonating structure.

A mechanical resonator device. The resonator device includes a resonator element made of an elastic material under tensile stress and adapted for sustaining at least one oscillation mode; and a clamping structure supporting the resonator element. The clamping structure has a phononic density of states exhibiting a bandgap or quasi-bandgap such that elastic waves of at least one polarisation and/or frequency are not allowed to propagate through the clamping structure. The resonator element and the clamping structure are configured to match with a soft-clamping condition that elastic waves of polarisation and/or frequency corresponding to the at least one oscillation mode of the resonator penetrate evanescently into the clamping structure in a manner such as to minimize bending throughout the entire resonator device. Thereby, bending related loss may be minimized and the Q-factor of the mechanical resonator may be maximized.

According to one embodiment, a diagnostic method includes changing a position of a mechanical structure to be diagnosed with a drive unit based on an acceleration command, the acceleration command being generated based on a log swept sine (LOGSS) signal, calculating an impulse response based on the acceleration command and measured acceleration of the mechanical structure, the measured acceleration being measured by an accelerometer, analyzing at least one of a linear characteristic and a nonlinear characteristic relating to the mechanical structure based on the impulse response, and diagnosing the mechanical structure based on the at least one of the linear characteristic and the nonlinear characteristic relating to the mechanical structure.

A state estimation apparatus 1 includes an acquisition unit 2 that acquires deterioration information indicating a deterioration state of each structural object and a learning unit 3 that learns common information that is common between pieces of the deterioration information and estimation index information that is used for estimating a deterioration state of a target structural object, using the deterioration information as input.

A system may include an array of sensor elements, the array of sensor elements each comprising a first type of passive reactive element, a second type of passive reactive element electrically coupled to the array of sensor elements, a driver configured to drive the array of sensor elements and the second type of passive reactive element, and control circuitry configured to control enabling and disabling of individual sensor elements of the array of sensor elements to ensure no more than one of the array of sensor elements is enabled at a time such that when one of the array of sensor elements is enabled, the one of the array of sensor elements and the second type of passive reactive element together operate as a resonant sensor.

A system may include an array of sensor elements, the array of sensor elements each comprising a first type of passive reactive element, a second type of passive reactive element electrically coupled to the array of sensor elements, a driver configured to drive the array of sensor elements and the second type of passive reactive element, and control circuitry configured to control enabling and disabling of individual sensor elements of the array of sensor elements to ensure no more than one of the array of sensor elements is enabled at a time such that when one of the array of sensor elements is enabled, the one of the array of sensor elements and the second type of passive reactive element together operate as a resonant sensor.

An apparatus and method for designing an amplifier are proposed. The method may include measuring a frequency of an object by coming into contact with the object wherein the object generates vibration energy, and calculating a natural frequency of the object. The method may also include, in correspondence to a selection of one vibration energy amplifier from among a plurality of vibration energy amplifiers that are preset, loading specification information about the selected vibration energy amplifier. The method may further include specifying at least one parameter in the specification information of the vibration energy amplifier so as to coincide with the natural frequency of the object.

An apparatus and method for designing an amplifier are proposed. The method may include measuring a frequency of an object by coming into contact with the object wherein the object generates vibration energy, and calculating a natural frequency of the object. The method may also include, in correspondence to a selection of one vibration energy amplifier from among a plurality of vibration energy amplifiers that are preset, loading specification information about the selected vibration energy amplifier. The method may further include specifying at least one parameter in the specification information of the vibration energy amplifier so as to coincide with the natural frequency of the object.

A data classification apparatus and method for providing expanded information are proposed. The method may include collecting time-series sensor data from an Internet-of-Things (IoT) sensor provided in or installable in a machine, and generating first processed data in which the time-series sensor data is highlighted. The method may also include generating, based on the first processed data, second processed data for determining a state of the machine, and classifying the state of the machine, based on the second processed data. The state of the machine may include one or more of a first state in which the machine is active and the first processed data is included in a non-pattern section in which no pattern is visualized, and a second state in which the machine is active and the first processed data is included in a pattern section in which an arbitrary pattern is visualized.