A reference load includes a parallel connection of a resistor load having a resistor and a transistor load having a plurality of transistors, wherein a temperature coefficient of the resistor load is positive, and a temperature coefficient of the transistor load is negative.

A cooktop appliance includes a gas burner disposed on a panel of the cooktop appliance and a grate with a plurality of fingers positioned above the gas burner. The plurality of fingers includes a sensor finger. A temperature sensor is mounted to the sensor finger of the plurality of fingers of the grate. The temperature sensor includes a first temperature probe extending above a top surface of the sensor finger at a first end of the sensor finger and a second temperature probe positioned within the sensor finger between the top surface of the sensor finger and a bottom surface of the sensor finger.

A cooktop appliance includes a gas burner disposed on a panel of the cooktop appliance and a grate with a plurality of fingers positioned above the gas burner. The plurality of fingers includes a sensor finger. A temperature sensor is mounted to the sensor finger of the plurality of fingers of the grate. The temperature sensor includes a first temperature probe extending above a top surface of the sensor finger at a first end of the sensor finger and a second temperature probe positioned within the sensor finger between the top surface of the sensor finger and a bottom surface of the sensor finger.

Signal output apparatus and concentration measurement system has a light receiving unit and an interface unit provided at a support unit. Light receiving unit receives infrared rays emitted to a measurement target substance, and outputs a detection signal according to received infrared rays. Storage unit stores a parameter according to a characteristic of at least one of a plurality of components including the light receiving unit, the parameter being used for concentration computation of the measurement target substance, as a calibration parameter. Interface unit outputs an output signal including a calibration parameter signal according to the calibration parameter input from the storage unit and a signal based on the detection signal input from the light receiving unit to a signal computation processing unit, without executing the concentration computation. The signal output apparatus corrects a deviation caused by a characteristic variation of each apparatus to realize concentration measurement with high accuracy.

Signal output apparatus and concentration measurement system has a light receiving unit and an interface unit provided at a support unit. Light receiving unit receives infrared rays emitted to a measurement target substance, and outputs a detection signal according to received infrared rays. Storage unit stores a parameter according to a characteristic of at least one of a plurality of components including the light receiving unit, the parameter being used for concentration computation of the measurement target substance, as a calibration parameter. Interface unit outputs an output signal including a calibration parameter signal according to the calibration parameter input from the storage unit and a signal based on the detection signal input from the light receiving unit to a signal computation processing unit, without executing the concentration computation. The signal output apparatus corrects a deviation caused by a characteristic variation of each apparatus to realize concentration measurement with high accuracy.

An electronic circuit including: a circuit board; a temperature detection element mounted on the circuit board to detect an ambient temperature; and a circuit element mounted on the circuit board and generating heat in conjunction with circuit operation. The circuit board has a conductive pattern with a heat transfer property that is electrically connected to any terminal of the circuit element and transfers the heat generated by the circuit element. The conductive pattern with a heat transfer property is formed in an area outside a range within a predetermined distance from the temperature detection element. In the case where the temperature detection element is electrically connected to the conductive pattern with a heat transfer property, the connection is made via a linear wiring pattern or a linear wiring member.

A child safety seat checking system for a child safety seat of a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, is comprised of at least one child safety seat, a first checking device for checking whether a child is located in the child safety seat, and a second checking device for checking whether a person supervising the child is present, wherein the second checking device is designed to operate in an at least partly portable manner in an operating state of the child safety seat checking system and/or is designed to operate regardless of an on/off state of the vehicle.

A child safety seat checking system for a child safety seat of a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, is comprised of at least one child safety seat, a first checking device for checking whether a child is located in the child safety seat, and a second checking device for checking whether a person supervising the child is present, wherein the second checking device is designed to operate in an at least partly portable manner in an operating state of the child safety seat checking system and/or is designed to operate regardless of an on/off state of the vehicle.

Various implementations include a Human Thermoregulation Simulator (HTRS) that simulates the natural and primary thermoregulatory functions of a patient that are relevant during therapeutic hypothermia procedures. For example, in various implementations, a HTRS includes a core container configured to be at least partially filled with water, and the core container includes a heat generator configured to heat the water inside the core container. A middle container is disposed concentrically around the core container, and the middle container includes a foam layer configured to be saturated by water. An outer container is disposed concentrically around the middle container, and the outer container includes a network of tubing disposed on at least a portion of an inner surface of the outer container. The HTRS also includes a pump configured to circulate water from the core container through the network of tubing.

The invention comprises a device and method to estimate the elasticity of soft elastic solids from surface wave measurements. The method is non-destructive, reliable and repeatable. The final device is low-cost and portable. It is based in audio-frequency shear wave propagation in elastic soft solids. Within this frequency range, shear wavelength is centimeter sized. Thus, the experimental data is usually collected in the near-field of the source. Therefore, an inversion algorithm taking into account near-field effects was developed for use with the device. Example applications are shown in beef samples, tissue mimicking materials and in vivo skeletal muscle of healthy volunteers.