The invention relates to a measurement probe comprising a sensitive element and two legs connected to the sensitive element, said legs being coplanar.

A sleeve for a probe of an environment-sensing device is provided. The sleeve includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion includes a first inner surface, a first outer surface, a first body extending between the first inner surface and the first outer surface, at least one first body channel, and a first-portion projection extending axially along the first portion. The second portion includes a second inner surface, a second outer surface, a second body extending between the second inner surface and the second outer surface, at least one second body channel, and a second-portion receiving channel extending axially along the second portion. The at least one first body channel and at least one second body channel include a filler material. The first portion and the second portion are configured to couple together by mating the first-portion projection with the second-portion receiving channel.

A temperature display device of a vehicle is provided, which includes a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature of coolant of an engine, the coolant being switched in circulation state by opening and closing a thermostat, between a first state where the coolant is circulated through a radiator and a second state where the coolant is circulated bypassing the radiator, a display unit for displaying a temperature of the coolant, and a controller for controlling a display mode of the display unit based on the detected temperature by the temperature sensor. When the detected temperature changes within a first temperature range where the thermostat is in an open state, the controller changes the displayed temperature on the display unit by less than the change of the detected temperature.

A device for determining a temperature of a semiconductor power switch with a built-in temperature-dependent gate resistor may include a non-inverting amplifier circuit comprising an operational amplifier and a feedback resistor. Inverting input of the operational amplifier may be connected to the semiconductor power switch such that a gain of the non-inverting amplifier circuit in a predefined frequency range of an input signal depends on the built-in temperature-dependent gate resistor and the feedback resistor and is a measure of the temperature of the semiconductor power switch. The feedback resistor may be disposed between a negative input and an output of the operational amplifier.

A cooled thermocouple arrangement (1) including a thermocouple (2) comprising two wires (3,4) joined at a first sensing end (5) to define a hot thermocouple function. At least a portion of the wires (3,4) are in thermal communication with a cooling arrangement, and the cooling arrangement has an inlet (14) for coolant and an outlet (15) for coolant. The thermocouple probe arrangement (1) includes a first inlet temperature sensor (21) for determining the temperature of the coolant as it enters the cooling arrangement, and a flow rate sensor (20) for determining the flow rate of coolant passing through the cooling arrangement. The thermocouple probe arrangement (1) includes connectors for connecting the outputs from the thermocouple (2), first inlet temperature sensor (21) and the flow rate sensor (20) to a correction data processor (23) whereby the data processor can correct the temperature sensed by the thermocouple to take account of the effect of the cooling arrangement. The pair of thermocouple wires (3,4) are arranged inside a sheath or casing, and a cooling jacket (12) is provided around the thermocouple probe. The cooling jacket (12) includes a pair of concentric tubes (16,17) defining a return coolant circuit from the end of the probe proximal the connectors (8), to a portion of the probe distal from the connectors, and then back to the proximal end (8) of the probe, and the portion of the thermocouple probe containing the sensing end (5) of the thermocouple projects from the distal end of the cooling jacket (12).

Disclosed is a method for determining a rotor temperature value T.sub.Rot for an electric machine, such as an electric motor. In one example, the method includes calculating a support value P.sub.cu2_Trot using a rotor temperature value T.sub.rot that is determined with a temperature model and a motor current value I.sub.sdq. An auxiliary value P.sub.cu2_Ref can be determined using a motor torque T.sub.rq and a motor slip value ω.sub.slip. The support value P.sub.cu2_Trot can be linked with the auxiliary value P.sub.cu2_Ref in order to obtain a corrected rotor temperature value Delta.sub.Trot. Furthermore, the temperature model can be modified using the corrected rotor temperature value Delta.sub.Trot in order to obtain a corrected temperature model. Finally, the rotor temperature value T.sub.Rot can be determined using the corrected temperature model.

A thermostat malfunction detection device that detects a stuck open state of a thermostat includes: an estimated water temperature calculation module that calculates an estimated water temperature of a cooling water based on an operation state of an engine; an actual water temperature detection unit that detects an actual water temperature of the cooling water; a first determination module that establishes preliminary determination when an amount of change of a difference between the estimated water temperature and the actual water temperature within a determined period is equal to or larger than a first threshold value; a passing air amount control module that increases a passing air amount, when the preliminary determination is established; and a second determination module that establishes malfunction determination, when the difference is equal to or larger than a second threshold value, after the passing air amount has been increased.

A method of determining a thermal state or a thermal state transition of a substance based on how much liquid phase is available is disclosed. The method includes: (a) determining a current thermal state of the substance when the internal combustion engine is switched on based on a tank temperature and on a time interval during which the engine is switched off; and (b) calculating a percentage of the liquid phase in case the thermal state is a mixture of solid phase and liquid phase based on a total mass of the substance in the tank, a heat amount supplied to the tank, a heat exchange of the tank with an external environment; and (c) detecting the thermal state transitions based on said tank temperature and its time derivative and on said percentage of the liquid phase.

A heat flux sensor is installed in such a way that heat flux emanating from a biological object present at a predetermined position is detectable. It is determined whether or not a biological object is present at the predetermined position by comparing sensing results of the heat flux sensor with determination criteria. The determination criteria is preset according to heat flux that can be sensed when a biological object is present at the predetermined position. When the sensing results of the heat flux sensor satisfy the determination criteria, in other words, when the heat flux sensed by the heat flux sensor is the heat flux emanating from a biological object, it is determined that a biological object is present at the predetermined position. Consequently, it is possible to realize accurate detection of a biological object.

A device and a method for detecting a water level of a water trap in a fuel cell can accurately output a water level of water collected in the water trap by reaction of the fuel cell. The device and the method for detecting a water level of a water trap can detect a change in a surrounding temperature of a water level sensor by mounting a separate temperature sensor in the water level sensor and accurately output the water level in the water trap regardless of the change of the surrounding temperature through a water sensor output value correction algorithm based on a detected temperature.