Determining which reference-level pressures, from among a plurality of available reference-level pressures, are used when estimating an altitude of a mobile device. Different systems and methods determine isobars based on reference-level pressures of weather stations, and then use the isobars in different ways to identify particular reference-level pressures for use in estimated an altitude of a mobile device. One approach determines the smallest distance between an initial estimated position of a mobile device and a neighboring isobar, and then uses that distance to identify reference-level pressures. Another approach identifies reference-level pressures between an isobar on which an initial estimated position of a mobile device is location and a neighboring isobar. Yet another approach compares the number of identified reference-level pressures and/or locations of the identified reference-level pressures against threshold conditions before determining which reference-level pressures to use.

The invention relates to a pressure gauge for measuring the pressure of a fluid, the pressure gauge being designed for a pressure range with a maximum pressure, with: a housing with a housing wall which is filled with a filling fluid; a pressure connection located in the housing wall; a tubular spring located in the housing and connected to the pressure connection, whereby a fluid can flow through the pressure connection into the tubular spring, whereby the tubular spring is designed to expand in the direction of the housing wall when pressure is applied by the fluid, thereby mechanically acting on an indicator to indicate the pressure of the fluid; and at least one volume reduction element which is at least partially located in the housing between the tubular spring and the housing wall in the direction of expansion of the tubular spring, whereby the at least one volume reduction element is an injection-molded plastic part.

An automatic water sampler is disclosed. The automatic water sampler of the present invention comprises: a driving unit operated according to the pressure measured by a pressure sensor; a driving magnet approaching a driven magnet according to the operation of the driving unit; and a first wire unlocked by a control rod according to the movement of the driven magnet. The present invention can provide an automatic water sampler, which improves inaccuracy due to conventional interference of an ocean current, flow velocity, and the like, and manual water sampling by depth by automatically sampling water at the correct depth recognized through a pressure sensor, thereby enabling reliability and accuracy of a sample to be ensured and sampling expenses to be remarkably reduced.

One aspect of the present disclosure provides a foot structure for a walking robot including a link configured to define a body, a buffer unit coupled to one end portion of the link and having a vacant space formed therein, and a pressure sensor provided in the link and configured to detect a change in pressure of air in the vacant space in the buffer unit.

One aspect of the present disclosure provides a foot structure for a walking robot including a link configured to define a body, a buffer unit coupled to one end portion of the link and having a vacant space formed therein, and a pressure sensor provided in the link and configured to detect a change in pressure of air in the vacant space in the buffer unit.

A method for determining a fluid pressure in a pneumatic bladder of a pneumatic adjusting device of a vehicle seat is disclosed, wherein the pneumatic bladder is connected to a valve for the filling or emptying of the bladder with or of fluid. Fluid start pressure at the valve is provided as initial pressure for determining of the fluid pressure in the bladder. Fluid throughflow through the valve device is determined using a first assignment rule which assigns the fluid throughflow to the fluid start pressure at the valve. The fluid throughflow obtained using the first assignment rule over a predetermined period of time is summed to determine a fluid quantity that has flowed through the valve. Fluid pressure present in the bladder is determined using a second assignment rule which assigns the fluid pressure present in the bladder to the determined fluid quantity.

A method for determining a fluid pressure in a pneumatic bladder of a pneumatic adjusting device of a vehicle seat is disclosed, wherein the pneumatic bladder is connected to a valve for the filling or emptying of the bladder with or of fluid. Fluid start pressure at the valve is provided as initial pressure for determining of the fluid pressure in the bladder. Fluid throughflow through the valve device is determined using a first assignment rule which assigns the fluid throughflow to the fluid start pressure at the valve. The fluid throughflow obtained using the first assignment rule over a predetermined period of time is summed to determine a fluid quantity that has flowed through the valve. Fluid pressure present in the bladder is determined using a second assignment rule which assigns the fluid pressure present in the bladder to the determined fluid quantity.

A dialysis system is disclosed. The example dialysis system includes a housing, a pump actuator housed by the housing, a fluid pumping cassette coupled operably to the housing and including a flexible membrane covering a pump chamber, and a mechanically actuated piston head provided by the pump actuator and positioned to extend towards and away from the fluid pumping cassette. The fluid pumping cassette is positioned such that the flexible membrane of the fluid pumping cassette faces the piston head so that the piston head can push the flexible membrane into the pump chamber of the fluid pumping cassette to expel a fluid from the pump chamber. The example dialysis system also includes a controller programmed to perform a leak test by monitoring a sensed position of the mechanically actuated piston head while the mechanically actuated piston head applies a force to the flexible membrane of the fluid pumping cassette.

A dialysis system is disclosed. The example dialysis system includes a housing, a pump actuator housed by the housing, a fluid pumping cassette coupled operably to the housing and including a flexible membrane covering a pump chamber, and a mechanically actuated piston head provided by the pump actuator and positioned to extend towards and away from the fluid pumping cassette. The fluid pumping cassette is positioned such that the flexible membrane of the fluid pumping cassette faces the piston head so that the piston head can push the flexible membrane into the pump chamber of the fluid pumping cassette to expel a fluid from the pump chamber. The example dialysis system also includes a controller programmed to perform a leak test by monitoring a sensed position of the mechanically actuated piston head while the mechanically actuated piston head applies a force to the flexible membrane of the fluid pumping cassette.

A device for indicating exposure to a pressure. The device may include a base layer, a plurality of microcapsules, and a coating, with the microcapsules being disposed between the base layer and the coating. The microcapsules contain a indicator material that can be released once the microcapsules burst. The microcapsules then have a compressive bursting strength that is chosen or designed to be less than a selected pressure (e.g., the pressure being that to which a particular article may be exposed during high pressure processing). Thus, when the device is subjected to a pressure greater than the compressive bursting strength, at least some microcapsules burst, the indicator material is released from the microcapsules, and the release of the indicator material can be detected by observation of the device. The device may be a label that is associated (such as by being affixed) to the article being subjected to pressure (or multiple labels being associated (such as by being affixed) to multiple articles. Alternatively, the device may be associated with an article or articles without being affixed thereto.