The present invention relates to quality control of pulmonary function test (PFT) devices. In particular, but not by way of limitation, the present invention relates to systems and methods for characterizing or verifying the measurement accuracy of pulmonary function testing devices used for measuring dynamic lung volumes (tidal volume (TV), inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), expiratory reserve volume (ERV), divisions thereof, and any other suitable dynamic lung volume) using spirometry, static and/or absolute lung volumes (total lung capacity (TLC), residual volume (RV), divisions thereof, and any other suitable absolute lung volume) using washout, dilution, and/or plethysmographic methods, and/or gas exchange, such as single-breath determination of carbon monoxide uptake in the lung (D.sub.LCO).

The present invention relates to quality control of pulmonary function test (PFT) devices. In particular, but not by way of limitation, the present invention relates to systems and methods for characterizing or verifying the measurement accuracy of pulmonary function testing devices used for measuring dynamic lung volumes (tidal volume (TV), inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), expiratory reserve volume (ERV), divisions thereof, and any other suitable dynamic lung volume) using spirometry, static and/or absolute lung volumes (total lung capacity (TLC), residual volume (RV), divisions thereof, and any other suitable absolute lung volume) using washout, dilution, and/or plethysmographic methods, and/or gas exchange, such as single-breath determination of carbon monoxide uptake in the lung (D.sub.LCO).

The present application discloses a magnetic sensor, fabrication process of perforated integrated circuit module and the magnetic sensor; the magnetic sensor comprises: a head cover, a shaft sleeve, a hollow rotating shaft, a ring alnico, a magnetic sensitive chip matrix, a printed circuit board, a device for output signal and a bottom case; all of them have a through hole except said device for output signal, said magnetic sensitive chip matrix is soldered on said printed circuit board, said device for output signal connects to said printed circuit board electrically, said printed circuit board is mounted below said hollow rotating shaft, and said head cover is mounted on said bottom case to form a cavity, said device for output signal passes out of said cavity. This magnetic sensor can be penetrated by an external shaft and has a thin thickness.

A tester for evaluating pullout load capacity and bond quality of anchor bolts embedded in concrete includes a Schmidt hammer for measuring a rebound number and an ultrasonic pulse velocity tester for measuring the transit time of a pulse transmitted through concrete surrounding an anchor bolt. The rebound number and the transit time are combined and matched against a database record which identifies the pullout load capacity and the bond quality. The transit time is matched to thresholds of transit times associated with porosity, internal cracking, air voids, and water pockets located around the embedded anchor bolt. The Schmidt hammer is further modified by the incorporation of a digital level for measuring the vertical and horizontal angles of inclination of the plunger with the concrete surface, a guide tube for supporting the plunger, and by using a convex plunger tip for improved registration with anchor bolt head.

A tester for evaluating pullout load capacity and bond quality of anchor bolts embedded in concrete includes a Schmidt hammer for measuring a rebound number and an ultrasonic pulse velocity tester for measuring the transit time of a pulse transmitted through concrete surrounding an anchor bolt. The rebound number and the transit time are combined and matched against a database record which identifies the pullout load capacity and the bond quality. The transit time is matched to thresholds of transit times associated with porosity, internal cracking, air voids, and water pockets located around the embedded anchor bolt. The Schmidt hammer is further modified by the incorporation of a digital level for measuring the vertical and horizontal angles of inclination of the plunger with the concrete surface, a guide tube for supporting the plunger, and by using a convex plunger tip for improved registration with anchor bolt head.

A vehicle stability control device is mounted on a vehicle in which a front tire wears faster than a rear tire. An equation for calculating a target yaw rate includes a stability factor of the vehicle as a parameter, wherein the calculated target yaw rate becomes lower as the stability factor becomes larger. Understeer degree increases as the target yaw rate becomes higher than an actual yaw rate. When the understeer degree exceeds an activation threshold, vehicle stability control is activated. The vehicle stability control device further performs wear coping processing. In the wear coping processing, a wear degree parameter being wear degree of the front tire or a difference in wear degree between the front tire and the rear tire is calculated. When the wear degree parameter exceeds a wear threshold, the vehicle stability control device corrects the stability factor to be larger than a default setting value.

A removable electronics device and related pre-fabricated sensor assemblies having different sensor layouts are provided. The removable electronics module includes one or more processors, an inertial measurement unit, a first communication interface configured to communicatively couple the removable electronics device to one or more computing devices, a second communication interface configured to communicatively couple the removable electronics device to a plurality of pre-fabricated sensor assemblies, and a housing at least partially enclosing the processor, the inertial measurement unit, the first communication interface, and the second communication interface. The housing includes a first opening in at least one longitudinal surface and adjacent to at least a portion of the first communication interface and a plurality of second openings in a lower surface and adjacent to the plurality of contact pads of the second communication interface.

A removable electronics device and related pre-fabricated sensor assemblies having different sensor layouts are provided. The removable electronics module includes one or more processors, an inertial measurement unit, a first communication interface configured to communicatively couple the removable electronics device to one or more computing devices, a second communication interface configured to communicatively couple the removable electronics device to a plurality of pre-fabricated sensor assemblies, and a housing at least partially enclosing the processor, the inertial measurement unit, the first communication interface, and the second communication interface. The housing includes a first opening in at least one longitudinal surface and adjacent to at least a portion of the first communication interface and a plurality of second openings in a lower surface and adjacent to the plurality of contact pads of the second communication interface.

A removable electronics device and related pre-fabricated sensor assemblies having different sensor layouts are provided. The removable electronics module includes one or more processors, an inertial measurement unit, a first communication interface configured to communicatively couple the removable electronics device to one or more computing devices, a second communication interface configured to communicatively couple the removable electronics device to a plurality of pre-fabricated sensor assemblies, and a housing at least partially enclosing the processor, the inertial measurement unit, the first communication interface, and the second communication interface. The housing includes a first opening in at least one longitudinal surface and adjacent to at least a portion of the first communication interface and a plurality of second openings in a lower surface and adjacent to the plurality of contact pads of the second communication interface.

A removable electronics device and related pre-fabricated sensor assemblies having different sensor layouts are provided. The removable electronics module includes one or more processors, an inertial measurement unit, a first communication interface configured to communicatively couple the removable electronics device to one or more computing devices, a second communication interface configured to communicatively couple the removable electronics device to a plurality of pre-fabricated sensor assemblies, and a housing at least partially enclosing the processor, the inertial measurement unit, the first communication interface, and the second communication interface. The housing includes a first opening in at least one longitudinal surface and adjacent to at least a portion of the first communication interface and a plurality of second openings in a lower surface and adjacent to the plurality of contact pads of the second communication interface.