An apparatus is disclosed including a tool comprising a first device for generating aerosol from a target, the first device being deployed through an opening in a tubing of the tool, wherein the tubing is provided with aspiration ports or fenestrations such that the generated aerosol is aspirated into the tubing via the aspiration ports or fenestrations. The aspirated aerosol is then transferred to a mass spectrometer for subsequent mass analysis.

A method is disclosed comprising obtaining or acquiring chemical or other non-mass spectrometric data from one or more regions of a target (2) using a chemical sensor (20). The chemical or other non-mass spectrometric data may be used to determine one or more regions of interest of the target (2). An ambient ionisation ion source 1 may then be used to generate aerosol, smoke or vapour (5) from one or more regions of the target (2).

A method is disclosed comprising obtaining or acquiring chemical or other non-mass spectrometric data from one or more regions of a target (2) using a chemical sensor (20). The chemical or other non-mass spectrometric data may be used to determine one or more regions of interest of the target (2). An ambient ionisation ion source 1 may then be used to generate aerosol, smoke or vapour (5) from one or more regions of the target (2).

An embeddable seepage module capable of being embedded into an interface ring shear apparatus is disclosed, wherein: the seepage module includes an annular cylinder, a seepage pressure regulation system, a top plate and a bottom plate; the interface ring shear apparatus includes an upper shear box and a lower shear box; the annular cylinder, the top plate, the bottom plate, the upper shear box and the lower shear box form an internal pressure cavity and an external pressure cavity; the internal pressure cavity is able to realize the precise double control of the soil seepage pressure and water flow through the seepage pressure regulation system; the external pressure cavity is able to collect fine soil particles under pressure seepage. In the case of soil seepage-shear coupling, the seepage module is assembled firstly for seepage, and after completing the seepage, the external pressure cavity is removed for ring shear tests.

Disclosed is a brake hose endurance testing apparatus, including: a plurality of first fitting members inserted at one end of the brake hose into a plurality of first fixing brackets; a first mounting block attached to the plurality of first fixing brackets and configured to move up and down; a vertical driving unit configured to drive the first mounting block up and down; a second mounting block attached to a plurality of second fitting members inserted at the opposite end of the brake hose into a plurality of second fixing brackets or attached and fixed to moving brackets; and a horizontal driving unit configured to drive the moving brackets to move left and right, wherein the first and second fitting members of the brake hose are universal fitting members laid out to reflect the interference characteristics between the brake hose and peripheral components.

Disclosed is a brake hose endurance testing apparatus, including: a plurality of first fitting members inserted at one end of the brake hose into a plurality of first fixing brackets; a first mounting block attached to the plurality of first fixing brackets and configured to move up and down; a vertical driving unit configured to drive the first mounting block up and down; a second mounting block attached to a plurality of second fitting members inserted at the opposite end of the brake hose into a plurality of second fixing brackets or attached and fixed to moving brackets; and a horizontal driving unit configured to drive the moving brackets to move left and right, wherein the first and second fitting members of the brake hose are universal fitting members laid out to reflect the interference characteristics between the brake hose and peripheral components.

According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method, comprising: controlling suction with predetermined force in a known measurement area to a moving cardboard or paper web in a manufacturing process, detecting on-line measurement information on deviation of the moving cardboard or paper web in the manufacturing process caused by the suction with predetermined force in the known measurement area, and determining elastic modulus of the moving cardboard or paper web in the manufacturing process on the basis of the measured deviation.

An actuator control system, mechanical testing system, and method for adaptive control of an actuator of a mechanical testing device may include determining a stiffness of a medium that the actuator is moving through and/or load gain of the actuator, wherein the stiffness and load gain is determined by generating a waveform to actuate the actuator until a load sensor signal and/or a displacement sensor signal is received, and controllably moving the actuator through the medium according to a predefined constant velocity by calculating a current request using the stiffness of the medium, and/or adjusting the load of the actuator in accordance with a constant load ramp rate.

An actuator control system, mechanical testing system, and method for adaptive control of an actuator of a mechanical testing device may include determining a stiffness of a medium that the actuator is moving through and/or load gain of the actuator, wherein the stiffness and load gain is determined by generating a waveform to actuate the actuator until a load sensor signal and/or a displacement sensor signal is received, and controllably moving the actuator through the medium according to a predefined constant velocity by calculating a current request using the stiffness of the medium, and/or adjusting the load of the actuator in accordance with a constant load ramp rate.

An apparatus for performing ambient ionisation mass and/or ion mobility spectrometry is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a substantially cylindrical, tubular, rod-shaped, coil-shaped, helical or spiral-shaped collision assembly; and a first device arranged and adapted to direct analyte, smoke, fumes, liquid, gas, surgical smoke, aerosol or vapour onto said collision assembly.