A diffusion/permeation cell, commonly referred to as a Franz cell, is provided for topical or transdermal drug delivery research and development in the pharmaceutical industry. The cell comprises a receptor container, a donor chamber, a quick clamping apparatus, and/or an assembly tool. Systems and methods provide a cost-effective diffusion cell, especially for use with an automatic diffusion release testing system.

The present disclosure relates to a novel in vitro dissolution method to assess the release of a bioactive agent from an intracutaneous microneedle system wherein the bioactive agent is coated on or integral to the microneedles. The present disclosure further relates to a novel sample holder clip assembly specially adapted for use with microneedle arrays and patches.

The present disclosure relates to a novel in vitro dissolution method to assess the release of a bioactive agent from an intracutaneous microneedle system wherein the bioactive agent is coated on or integral to the microneedles. The present disclosure further relates to a novel sample holder clip assembly specially adapted for use with microneedle arrays and patches.

In one aspect, methods of determining the shape of a sessile drop are described herein. In some embodiments, a method described herein comprises measuring a first shape parameter of a sessile drop to obtain a first shape parameter value, measuring a second shape parameter of the drop to obtain a second shape parameter value, and using the first and second shape parameter values to calculate a third shape parameter value of a third shape parameter of the drop.

In one aspect, methods of determining the shape of a sessile drop are described herein. In some embodiments, a method described herein comprises measuring a first shape parameter of a sessile drop to obtain a first shape parameter value, measuring a second shape parameter of the drop to obtain a second shape parameter value, and using the first and second shape parameter values to calculate a third shape parameter value of a third shape parameter of the drop.

A surface wettability measurement method for determining the surface wettability of a surface for operations that require the removal of oil-based fluid such as cementing operations in an oil/gas environment. Time domain reflectometry (TDR) measurements are used to measure the wettability in a wellbore downhole during operations or in a lab environment when fluid flow is present. A surface wettability measurement system for determining the surface wettability of a surface located either in a wellbore downhole or in a laboratory setting using time domain reflectometry for measurements during operations when fluid flow is present.

A surface wettability measurement method for determining the surface wettability of a surface for operations that require the removal of oil-based fluid such as cementing operations in an oil/gas environment. Time domain reflectometry (TDR) measurements are used to measure the wettability in a wellbore downhole during operations or in a lab environment when fluid flow is present. A surface wettability measurement system for determining the surface wettability of a surface located either in a wellbore downhole or in a laboratory setting using time domain reflectometry for measurements during operations when fluid flow is present.

Combined dissolution rate and permeation rate testing apparatus includes temperature-controllable testing cell units arranged on a housing frame. Each testing cell unit includes a donor chamber receivable of dissolution media, a receptor chamber receivable of bodily fluid, gaskets that retain a membrane between the two chambers, and controllable mixers that mix the fluid in the receptor chamber. A flow control arrangement operatively circulates dissolution media through the donor chamber and enables sampling of the dissolution media. Another flow control arrangement operatively circulates bodily fluid through the receptor chamber. An analysis unit analyzes dissolution media removed from the donor chamber and bodily fluid removed from the receptor chamber to provide data about dissolution of a pharmaceutical product dissolved in the dissolution media and permeation of the pharmaceutical product through the membrane into the bodily fluid.

The subject disclosure presents systems and computer-implemented methods for evaluating a tissue sample that has been removed from a subject. A change in speed of the energy traveling through the sample is evaluated to monitor changes in the biological sample during processing. The rate of change in the speed of the energy is correlated with the extent of diffusion. A system for performing the method can include a transmitter that outputs the energy and a receiver configured to detect the transmitted energy. A time-of-flight of acoustic waves and rate of change thereof is monitored to determine an optimal time for soaking the tissue sample in a fixative.

The subject disclosure presents systems and computer-implemented methods for evaluating a tissue sample that has been removed from a subject. A change in speed of the energy traveling through the sample is evaluated to monitor changes in the biological sample during processing. The rate of change in the speed of the energy is correlated with the extent of diffusion. A system for performing the method can include a transmitter that outputs the energy and a receiver configured to detect the transmitted energy. A time-of-flight of acoustic waves and rate of change thereof is monitored to determine an optimal time for soaking the tissue sample in a fixative.