A measurement system includes a cable having a length, a light source, at least one detector, and at least one processor. The light source is operably coupled to the cable and is configured to transmit an optical signal to the cable. The at least one processor is operably coupled to the cable and configured to: receive a scattered signal from the cable responsive to the optical signal transmitted to the cable; map the scattered signal to the length of the cable; and de-convolve a spatial averaging effect of the scattered signal using a weighting profile corresponding to the light source and the cable to generate a distributed property profile defined along the length of the cable.

A method for determining a refractive power of a large-surface-area transparent object, such as a windshield, a visual aid, a cockpit glazing, a helmet visor, or the like, includes detecting a first imaging of a first line grating through the transparent object at at least one predetermined point of the object using a camera and determining a line spacing of the first imaging, the rotation of the lines relative to the first line grating or both through use of a computing unit on the basis of the first imaging at the at least one specified point and using the line spacing or rotation of lines to determine the refractive power at the at least one predetermined point of the transparent object.

Method and gas analyzer for measuring the concentration of a gas component in a sample gas, wherein to measure the concentration of a gas component in a sample gas, a laser diode is actuated by a current and light generated by the laser diode is guided through the sample gas to a detector, the current is simultaneously varied within periodically successive sampling intervals for the wavelength-dependent sampling of an absorption line of interest of the gas component, and the current can be additionally modulated sinusoidally based on wavelength modulation spectroscopy with a low frequency and small amplitude, such that a measuring signal generated by the detector is evaluated to form a measurement result, where to improve the measuring signal-noise ratio and achieve a much lower detection limit with the same measuring distance, the current is modulated with a high (RF) frequency in the GHz range so that no wavelength modulation occurs, and an RF modulation amplitude is selected at the maximum level using the linear control range of the laser diode where, before evaluation, the measuring signal is demodulated at the radio frequency.

A purified water manufacturing device monitoring system includes: a detecting device that illuminates, with an inspection beam, water either that is in a process of being manufactured or that has been manufactured by a purified water manufacturing device, detects light in a region illuminated by the inspection beam, and detects a microorganism or a non-microorganism particle included in the water; a measured value specifying portion that specifies a measured value for a number of microorganisms detected and specifies a measured value for a number of non-microorganism particles detected; and a state evaluating portion that evaluates that a problem has occurred in the purified water manufacturing device when either or both the measured value for the number of microorganisms and the measured value for the number of non-microorganism particles are greater than a prescribed value.

An optical filter 4 is placed in an optical path between a light source unit 1 using a deep ultraviolet LED as a light source and a sample cell 2. The optical filter 4 is a shortpass filter that allows passage of light of a main peak located within a deep ultraviolet region while blocking light of an unwanted peak located within a visible region. The temporal change in the amount of light of the unwanted peak is considerably greater than that of the main peak. The optical filter 4 blocks the former light whose amount considerably changes with time. As a result, the influence of the noise and drift originating from the LED on the detection signal obtained in a detector 3 is dramatically reduced, so that the analytical accuracy is improved.

An inspection method for inspecting a substrate by using an optical image obtained by irradiating the substrate with light from a light source through an optical unit, and causing the light reflected by the substrate to be incident to a sensor, includes adjusting a focus offset value such that a focal distance for setting the signal-to-noise ratio of a programmed defect to the maximum level, is obtained by acquiring the optical image while changing a focal distance between the surface in which a first pattern is provided and the optical unit. The substrate includes the first pattern, a second pattern on the same plane as the first pattern, the programmed defect in the second pattern, and a third pattern on the same plane as the first pattern. The existence of a defect is detected by acquiring the optical image of the first pattern after the focus offset is adjusted.

Devices, methods, systems and procedures for localized, targeted treatment of angiogenic-based therapy in at least one region of interest in one or more layers of cardiac tissue. Various methods can include diagnosing a patient with ischemic heart disease or “at-risk” of manifesting ischemic heart disease, placing the patient into a specific angiogenic-based treatment therapy group, collecting image data, confirming image data and other diagnostic test results, developing a preoperative plan to target region of interest, inserting the catheter into a heart chamber, monitoring the distal end of the catheter tip within the heart on a visual display, contacting at least one layer of cardiac tissue, creating one or more channels in the heart tissue and/or administering the angiogenic-based therapy.

A testing vessel 1 includes a flexible vessel body 10 having a bottom and a hollow shape; and a partition 11 axially extending in the vessel body 10 and dividing an analyte extract containable space 50 in the vessel body 10 into two or more compartments. The testing vessel 1 enables two or more items to be readily tested with two or more test pieces.

The present invention relates to devices and methods for the qualitative and/or quantitative detection of particles. In particular, the invention relates to devices for the detection of particles, comprising a reaction chamber formed within a chamber body between a first surface and a second surface, wherein the second surface is located opposite to the first surface, and one or more displacers, wherein the distance between the first surface and the second surface is variable via the one or more displacers at least in one or more parts of the surface area of the first surface and/or second surface. The invention also relates to corresponding methods for the detection of particles.

A laser beam from a laser optical system is incident onto a semiconductor wafer. Thermal radiation light from the semiconductor wafer is incident onto an infrared detector. The infrared detector outputs a signal based on the intensity of the thermal radiation light. A processing device calculates a sheet resistance of the semiconductor wafer that is annealed by the laser beam on the basis of an output value of the infrared detector, and outputs a calculation value of the sheet resistance to an output device.