A method for functional testing of aerosol provision devices may include performing a functional state transition test of a power unit. The functional state transition test of the power unit may include extracting a unique identifier from the power unit of an aerosol provision device responsive to operable coupling of the power unit to a test fixture, determining a transition code based on the unique identifier, providing the transition code to the power unit via the test fixture to transition the power unit from an initial state to a transitioned state, and transitioning the power unit to the initial state.

The present disclosure provides a method for preparing nitrogen oxide gas sensor based on sulfur-doped graphene. The method includes: 1) providing graphene and a micro heater platform substrate, and transferring the graphene onto the micro heater platform substrate; 2) putting the micro heater platform substrate covered with the graphene into a chemical vapor deposition reaction furnace; 3) performing gas feeding and exhausting treatment to the reaction furnace by using inert gas; 4) simultaneously feeding inert gas and hydrogen gas into the reaction furnace at a first temperature; 5) feeding inert gas, hydrogen gas and sulfur source gas into the reaction furnace at a second temperature for reaction to perform sulfur doping to the graphene (21); and 6) stopping feeding the sulfur source gas, and performing cooling in a hydrogen gas and insert gas shielding atmosphere.

This disclosure relates to an approach for monitoring a tire for a puncture based on a change in a voltage established based on a resistance of a material disposed within the tire. In one example, the material is a conductive material layer. In another example, the material is a resistive strip. The systems and methods described herein can monitor for a change in an established voltage over time that is a function of parameters including the resistance of the conductive material layer or the resistive strip, and an applied voltage, to provide an indication of the change in the resistance in the material. The change in resistance of the material can be indicative of the puncture within the tire. The systems and methods described herein can alert a vehicle operator of the puncture within the tire.

An object of the present invention is to provide a biomolecule measuring device that can decrease the influence of crosstalk between chambers. A biomolecule measuring device according to the present invention supplies, to electrodes equipped on chambers, voltages modulated differently to each other.

An object of the present invention is to provide a biomolecule measuring device that can decrease the influence of crosstalk between chambers. A biomolecule measuring device according to the present invention supplies, to electrodes equipped on chambers, voltages modulated differently to each other.

The invention provides a device and method for the real-time detection of aeropathogens. The device includes an aerosampler having an air inlet and at least one collector tube, a microfluidic system which includes a container, piping, a micro pump for flowing a liquid and a viral detection chamber. The viral detection chamber has an electrode which may be equipped with functionalized bio sensors, a counter electrode, an electronic detection system connectable to the electrodes of the viral detection chamber, and an embedded electronic processing system for processing data from the electronic detection system.

The invention provides a device and method for the real-time detection of aeropathogens. The device includes an aerosampler having an air inlet and at least one collector tube, a microfluidic system which includes a container, piping, a micro pump for flowing a liquid and a viral detection chamber. The viral detection chamber has an electrode which may be equipped with functionalized bio sensors, a counter electrode, an electronic detection system connectable to the electrodes of the viral detection chamber, and an embedded electronic processing system for processing data from the electronic detection system.

A method for time constant estimation includes generating a bound for a R=1/g of the inverse solution; for any R picked within the bound for R, extracting the voltage dependence of the time constant; and extracting the roots of a tree like structure. A method to quantify a time constant of each gate of a Hodgkin Huxley formalism with activating and inactivating gates with currents recorded with a T-step and G-step protocols, and methods to quantify a time constant of each gate of a Hodgkin Huxley formalism with activating and inactivating gates are also described.

A Fast Faraday Cup includes a group of electrodes including a grounded electrode having a through hole and a collector electrode configured with a blind hole that functions a collector hole. The electrodes are configured to allow a beam (e.g., a non-relativistic beam) to fall onto the grounded electrode so that the through hole cuts a beamlet that flies into the collector hole and facilitates measurement of the longitudinal distribution of particle charge density in the beam. The diameters, depths, spacing and alignment of the collector hole and the through hole are controllable to enable the Fast Faraday day cup to operate with a fast response time (e.g., fine time resolution) and capture secondary particles.

A method includes a step of introducing a solution between a substrate with a membrane in which the membrane is provided so as to close an opening and a substrate provided with an independent electrode in which the independent electrode is provided, a step of pressure bonding the substrate with the membrane and the substrate with the independent electrode through a partition wall, and a step of forming a sealed liquid tank surrounded by at least the membrane and the partition wall by the pressure bonding, and arraying of a solid-state type nanopore sequencer is simply performed.