A method of prognosing and predicting breast cancer recurrence stratifies early stage ER+/PR+ and Her2 breast cancer patients with invasive ductal/lobular carcinoma of the breast into low risk or high risk for breast cancer recurrence by employing an IHC based assay which assesses or measures expression of a combination of 5 biomarkers and by employing a histopathological analysis which assesses 3 clinical prognostic parameters.

A method which distinctly characterizes and quantifies the pyritic sulfur and the organic sulfur of a sedimentary rock sample. A rock sample is subjected to a heating sequence in an inert atmosphere which produces effluents resulting which are continuously oxidized. SO.sub.2 is continuously measured, and a pyrolysis sulfur content and a pyrolysis pyritic sulfur content are deduced therefrom. The residue from heating in an inert atmosphere is then heated in an oxidizing atmosphere. Released SO.sub.2 is continuously measured and at least an oxidation sulfur content is deduced therefrom. The pyritic sulfur content is determined from pyrolysis, a weighting function, a second parameter representing the impact of the mineral matrix and a third parameter representing the impact of the organic matrix.

An embodiment provides a method for measuring a concentration of lead(0) in an aqueous sample, including: introducing an aqueous sample to a reaction vessel; adding a copper(II) acetate material to the aqueous sample in the reaction vessel; chelating unreacted copper(II) material by introduction of an organosulfur compound to the aqueous sample in the reaction vessel; adding a colorimetric indicator to the aqueous sample in the reaction vessel; and measuring a concentration of lead(II) in the aqueous sample by measuring a colorimetric change of the aqueous sample caused by a reaction of lead(II) within the aqueous sample with the colorimetric indicator. Other aspects are described and claimed.

A gas detection fuse is provided, comprising a thin strip or sheet of a conductive material, such as a metal, connecting two electrodes for detecting a gas of interest. The metal is selected to be reactive with the gas of interest, and has a relatively large surface area, such that when the gas of interest contacts the metal, the electrical connection between the electrodes is broken (e.g., due to the metal losing physical integrity, or becoming non-conductive, as a result of the reaction with the gas). The gas of interest may be chlorine, and the conducting material may be tin. When the tin is exposed to chlorine the tin becomes oxidized to produce liquid tin tetrachloride, thus breaking the electrical connection.

The present invention relates to methods for predicting a risk of a subject for Type 1 diabetes (T1D) on the basis of expression levels of protein markers in a sample obtained from the subject. The present invention also relates to in vitro kits for use in said methods.

A composition, method and kit for quantifying the concentration of one peracid or the total concentration of two or more peracids in a water source are disclosed. In particular, an oxidation sensitive or peroxycarboxylic acid selective leuco dye is used to react only with one or more peroxycarboxylic acids in a water source but not with peroxide usually co-existing in the water source. Not only does the oxidation sensitive or peroxycarboxylic acid selective leuco dye react with peracid(s) but also the reaction generates a color species that can be used visually or through absorbance measurement to quantify the peracid concentration. The method disclosed here is not a titration method, it involves a simple mixing step. The kit or composition disclosed here does not utilize a catalyst, such as iodine.

The present invention is related to novel methods for identifying a population of subjects that are at risk for developing of atopic allergic diseases, and to the prevention of these allergic diseases.

Compositions, kits, and methods of using the kits and compositions to determine the hardness of and/or magnesium concentration in a solution are described. The kit can include a lyophilized composition that has an absorbance at a detectable wavelength in response to the hardness of the solution and or the concentration of magnesium in the solution.

The analyzing method for quantifying urea in a sample solution includes: a pretreatment step of pretreating the sample solution with at least one of a membrane device including a reverse osmosis membrane and an ion exchange device including an ion exchanger; and an analyzing step of analyzing a target substance in the pretreated sample solution. The analyzing step is based on, for example, flow injection analysis (FIA), and includes a step of quantifying the target substance by measuring the absorbance of a liquid containing a substance generated by reacting the target substance with a reagent.

An image processing device includes a determination unit configured to determine a type of autophagy induced in a cell, based on information indicative of autophagic activity in the cell present in a cell image in which the cell is image captured and based on information indicative of congestion of molecules in the cell present in the cell image.