This disclosure provides, in one aspect, dosing strategies for soluble β-glucan immunotherapy to optimize acute immunopharmacodynamic responses for the immunotherapy and/or subject. It also provides a method for analyzing a sample from a subject for a biomarker to identify the appropriate dosing strategy for soluble β-glucan immunotherapy. Generally, the method includes obtaining a biological sample from a subject, analyzing the sample for a biomarker anti-β-glucan antibody level or immunopharmacodynamic response level, classifying the subject into a subgroup based on the biomarker anti-β-glucan antibody level or immunopharmacodynamic response level and identifying the appropriate dosing strategy based on the subgroup classification.

The field of this invention relates to immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) for the targeted detection and mapping of biomolecules (e.g., proteins and miRNAs) in tissues or cells for example, for research use and for clinical use such by pathologists (e.g., biomarker analyses of a resected tumor or tumor biopsy). In particular, the use of mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) as a mode to detect and map the biomolecules in tissues or cells for example. More specifically, the field of this invention relates to photocleavable mass-tag reagents which are attached to probes such as antibodies and nucleic acids and used to achieve multiplex immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, with MSI as the mode of detection/readout. Probe types other than antibodies and nucleic acids are also covered in the field of invention, including but not limited to carbohydrate-binding proteins (e.g., lectins), receptors and ligands. Finally, the field of the invention also encompasses multi-omic MSI procedures, where MSI of photocleavable mass-tag probes is combined with other modes of MSI, such as direct label-free MSI of endogenous biomolecules from the biospecimen (e.g., tissue), whereby said biomolecules can be intact or digested (e.g., chemically digested or by enzyme).

As described herein, chromosomal missegregations, chromosomal micronuclei, cytosolic DNA, and combinations thereof are indicative of metastatic cancer. Methods and compositions are described herein that are useful for detection and treatment of patients with chromosomal instabilities such as chromosomal missegregations, chromosomal micronuclei, cytosolic DNA, and combinations thereof. For example, some of the methods and compositions include use of kinesin-13 proteins such as Kif2b, MCAK/Kif2c, or KIF13A. The methods and compositions can also include inhibitors of STING, ENPP1, cGAS, NF-kB transcription factor p52, NF-kB transcription factor RelB, or any combination thereof. Methods are also described for identifying compounds that are effective for treatment of cancer, including metastatic cancer.

This disclosure relates to an apparatus for glucose-sensing that address interference of ascorbic acid and acetaminophen. The apparatus includes a first electrode capable of oxidizing glucose and at least one of ascorbic acid and acetaminophen. The apparatus further includes a second electrode capable of oxidizing at least one of ascorbic acid and acetaminophen but not capable of oxidizing glucose. The first electrode includes a deposit of irregularly shaped bodies that are formed of numerous nanoparticles having a generally oval or spherical shape with a length ranging between about 2 nm and about 5 nm.

The field of this invention relates to immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) for the targeted detection and mapping of biomolecules (e.g., proteins and miRNAs) in tissues or cells for example, for research use and for clinical use such by pathologists (e.g., biomarker analyses of a resected tumor or tumor biopsy). In particular, the use of mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) as a mode to detect and map the biomolecules in tissues or cells for example. More specifically, the field of this invention relates to photocleavable mass-tag reagents which are attached to probes such as antibodies and nucleic acids and used to achieve multiplex immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, with MSI as the mode of detection/readout. Probe types other than antibodies and nucleic acids are also covered in the field of invention, including but not limited to carbohydrate-binding proteins (e.g., lectins), receptors and ligands. Finally, the field of the invention also encompasses multi-omic MSI procedures, where MSI of photocleavable mass-tag probes is combined with other modes of MSI, such as direct label-free MSI of endogenous biomolecules from the biospecimen (e.g., tissue), whereby said biomolecules can be intact or digested (e.g., chemically digested or by enzyme).

The present invention relates to a method for detecting a target substance that is useful for detection of a glycoprotein and the like comprising a specific sugar chain, a reagent for detecting a target substance, a carrier and a method for manufacturing the carrier.

Described herein are engineered microbe-targeting molecules, microbe-targeting articles, kits comprising the same, and uses thereof. Such microbe-targeting molecules, microbe-targeting articles, or the kits comprising the same can not only bind or capture of a microbe or microbial matter thereof, but they also have improved capability (e g, enhanced sensitivity or signal intensity) of detecting a microbe or microbial matter. Thus, the microbe-targeting molecules, microbe-targeting articles, and/or the kit described herein can be used in various applications, e.g., but not limited to assays for detection of a microbe or microbial matter, diagnostic and/or therapeutic agents for diagnosis and/or treatment of an infection caused by microbes in a subject or any environmental surface, and/or devices for removal of a microbe or microbial matter from a fluid.

Reagents comprising MS active, fluorescent molecules with an activated functionality for reaction with amines useful in tagging biomolecules such as N-glycans and uses thereof are taught and described. In particular, compounds for use as a reagent for rapid fluorescence tagging of biomolecules and enhanced MS signaling are provided. The compounds may have optical centers and therefore may occur in different enantiomeric and diastereomeric configurations. These MS active, fluorescent compounds may have three functional components: (a) a tertiary amino group or other MS active atom; (b) a highly fluorescent moiety, and (c) a reactive group that rapidly reacts with amines. The reactive group provides rapid tagging of desired bio-molecules. The fluorescent moiety provides the fluorescent signal. The tertiary amino group provides the MS signal.

The present invention relates to reagents suitable in the mass spectrometric determination of analyte molecules such as carbohydrates as well as adducts of such reagents and analyte molecules and applications of said reagents and adducts. Further, the present invention relates to methods for the mass spectrometric determination of analyte molecules.

Sialic acid recognizing-affinity reagents engineered from the neuraminidase NanB have lectin-like properties and defined specificities for sialic acid.