An object of the present invention is to provide an immunochromatographic kit and a method, which are capable of detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis with high-sensitivity and specificity. According to the present invention, an immunochromatographic kit for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis is provided, the kit including: a label substance modified with a first antibody against lipoarabinomannan; a porous carrier having a reaction site holding a second antibody against lipoarabinomannan; a compound containing silver; and a reducing agent reducing silver ions, in which at least one of the first antibody or the second antibody is a monoclonal antibody.

A method for preparing an analytical sample for analysis of a glycan that includes a lactone structure and is contained in a sample, includes: performing a first amidation reaction that amidates a sialic acid including the lactone structure through addition of a first amidation reaction solution to the sample, the first amidation reaction solution containing ammonia, an amine, or a salt thereof as a first nucleophilic agent that is reacted with the sialic acid including the lactone structure; and performing a second reaction that modifies at least a part of sialic acids not amidated in the first amidation reaction through a method different from permethylation.

This disclosure relates to a screening test method, device, and kit for carbohydrates found in a biological sample and associated conditions including, cancerous and precancerous conditions. Specifically, the method tests abnormal carbohydrates in a biological sample using reagents of galactose oxidase, and Schiff's Reagent. The screening test method, device, and kit provides expanded testing capabilities across a range of known conditions and in an otherwise healthy population. This disclosure further relates to the use of the device or kit for an initial evaluation for cancerous and precancerous conditions in people without obvious signs and symptoms, and cancer recurrence in at point-of-care facility or at home.

A method for preparing an analysis sample from a sample containing a glycan, includes: performing esterification reaction that subjects at least a part of a sialic acid included in the glycan to esterification other than lactonization; and performing amidation reaction that converts an esterified form of a sialic acid modified through the esterification into an amidated form through contacting the sample with an amidation reaction solution containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ammonia, amines, hydrazine, hydrazine derivatives, and hydroxyamine, and salts thereof to be reacted with the sialic acid modified through the esterification.

Provided are a determination method and a kit both for determining the possibility of the occurrence of deterioration of a renal function in the future. A method according to one aspect of the present invention involves a step of determining the level of Galβ1-3GalNAc and/or Siaα2-6Gal/GalNAc in a sample collected from a subject. A kit according to one aspect of the present invention includes a lectin capable of binding to Galβ1-3GalNAc and/or Siaα2-6Gal/GalNAc.

As described herein, chromosomal missegregations, chromosomal micronuclei, cytosolic DNA, and combinations thereof are indicative of metastatic cancer. Methods and compositions are described herein that are useful for detection and treatment of patients with chromosomal instabilities such as chromosomal missegregations, chromosomal micronuclei, cytosolic DNA, and combinations thereof. For example, some of the methods and compositions include use of kinesin-13 proteins such as Kif2b, MCAK/Kif2c, or KIF13A. The methods and compositions can also include inhibitors of STING, ENPP1, cGAS, NF-kB transcription factor p52, NF-kB transcription factor RelB, or any combination thereof. Methods are also described for identifying compounds that are effective for treatment of cancer, including metastatic cancer.

In an in vitro method of determining the modification degree of O-GlcNAc in a biological sample, a first sample is treated with B3GALNT2 to incorporate a GalNAz into closed O-GlcNAc sites in the sample, labeled using click chemistry to form labeled closed O-GlcNAc sites, and the labeled closed O-GlcNAc sites in the first sample are detected (corresponding to the number of closed O-GlcNAc sites in the biological sample). A second, duplicate sample is treated with OGT to O-GlcNAcylate open O-GlcNAc sites in the sample to convert the open O-GlcNAc sites to closed O-GlcNAc sites, and treated with B3GALNT2 to incorporate GalNAz into the closed O-GlcNAc sites. The second sample is labeled using click chemistry to form labeled closed O-GlcNAc sites (corresponding to the total number of O-GlcNAc sites in the biological sample). The number of closed O-GlcNAc sites and total O-GlcNAc sites in the biological sample are compared to determine the modification degree of O-GlcNAc.

Methods of detecting altered HDL functionality as well as adjusting HDL functionality are described.

The present disclosure provides, inter alia, compositions and methods for detecting changes in level of expression of cell-surface Type 2 terminal lactosamines on a population of cultured cells propagated under different conditions. The disclosure also provides compositions and methods for enforcing stably expressed glycans on human cells. In certain embodiments, the compositions and/or methods utilize one or more members of the α(1,3)-fucosyltransferase family. In certain embodiments, glycoengineered CD44 glycosylated product (e.g. HCELL) is stable for at least 48 hours at 4° C., with retained expression after cell cryopreservation.

The invention provides methods of monitoring development of renal inflammation in a subject following administration of a nephrotoxic agent. The methods involve analyzing levels of one or more UDP-hexoses, such as UDP-glucose, UDP-galactose, UDP-glucuronic acid, N-acetyl-UDP-glucosamine, or N-acetyl-UDP-galactosamine, in a sample from the subject. The invention also provides methods of treating or preventing renal inflammation in a subject who has been given a nephrotoxic agent by providing a P2Y 14 receptor antagonist to the subject.