Systems, methods, and devices for selective capture and release of target particles, e.g., living cells, from liquid samples, e.g., blood, are provided. The particle capture systems include a substrate; a first layer of gelatin bound to the substrate by physical adsorption, wherein the gelatin is functionalized with a plurality of first members of a binding pair; a second layer of gelatin wherein the gelatin is functionalized with a plurality of the first members of the binding pair and the second layer is bound to the first layer via a plurality of second members of the binding pair that are associated with the first members of the binding pair on both the first and the second layers; and a plurality of nanostructures bound to the second members of the binding pair and to one or more particle-binding moieties that selectively bind to the target particles.

A method for a structural characterization of polysaccharides, comprising steps of characterizing a polysaccharide by physical measurements comprising a determination of a mass of the polysaccharide by means of mass spectrometry, a further determination of a rotationally averaged cross section of the polysaccharide by means of ion mobility spectrometry, and an infrared spectrum of the polysaccharide by means of cryogenic, messenger-tagging IR spectroscopy.

Provided herein are methods for identifying new biomarkers for various diseases using proteomics, peptidomics, metabolics, proteoglycomics, glvcomics, mass spectrometry and machine learning. The present disclosure also provides glycopeptides as biomarkers for various diseases such as cancer and autoimmune diseases.

The present invention relates to sensors and methods for detecting carbohydrates, such as lactose, in a sample. The sensors and methods may also be used to determine the amount of carbohydrate in the sample.

There are provided methods and systems for detecting and/or quantifying an analyte. In particular, there are provided methods and systems for simultaneous detection and/or quantitation of two or more analytes in a sample. In some embodiments, there are provided colocalization-by-linkage assays on microparticles (CLAMP) comprising two sets of binders pre-assembled on a support, such that the two sets of binders are colocalized before contacting the sample.

The disclosure discloses a method for detecting a human soluble asialoglycoprotein receptor, and belongs to the field of immunological detection. The disclosure provides an economical, rapid, accurate and highly practical ELISA method for detecting a human sASGPR. Based on the specific recognition between a specific ligand of ASGPR and ASGPR, the method selects galactosylated human serum albumin (GSA) as the specific ligand of ASGPR. GSA is prepared from human serum albumin, and has the advantages of cheap price, easy operation, easy storage and the like, and the limit of detection of the method is suitable for the detection of sASGPR in human serum samples. The method can be carried out in ordinary laboratories without using special, large-scale instruments and equipment. The method has the advantages of high specificity, good stability, simple and convenient operation, low cost and the like, and provides a certain reference value for clinical liver function evaluation.

Provided herein are methods of diagnosing or monitoring the treatment of abnormal glycan accumulation or a disorder associated with abnormal glycan accumulation.

Cyclic-GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and cyclic-GMP-AMP (cGAMP), including 23-cGAMP, 22-cGAMP, 32-cGAMP and 33-GAMP, are used in pharmaceutical formulations (including vaccine adjuvants), drug screens, therapies, and diagnostics.

The disclosure provides methods, compositions, and kits for enhanced detection of microbes in samples and monitoring of antimicrobial activity in a subject.

The present disclosure provides methods of treating subjects having increased serum glucose level and/or hyperglycemia, methods of identifying subjects having an increased risk of developing increased serum glucose level and/or hyperglycemia, and methods of detecting human Solute Carrier Family 39 Member 5 variant nucleic acid molecules and variant polypeptides.