This disclosure relates to a glucose-sensing electrode including a nanoporous metal layer and a maltose-blocking layer formed over the nanoporous metal layer. The nanoporous metal layer is capable of oxidizing both glucose and maltose without an enzyme specific to glucose or maltose in the glucose-sensing electrode. The maltose-blocking layer has porosity that permits glucose to pass therethrough and inhibits maltose from passing therethrough toward the nanoporous metal layer.

The present invention provides a method and test for the determination of the presence or absence of an antibiotic in a sample such as milk.

Described herein are engineered microbe-targeting molecules, microbe-targeting articles, kits comprising the same, and uses thereof. Such microbe-targeting molecules, microbe-targeting articles, or the kits comprising the same can not only bind or capture of a microbe or microbial matter thereof, but they also have improved capability (e.g., enhanced sensitivity or signal intensity) of detecting a microbe or microbial matter. Thus, the microbe-targeting molecules, microbe-targeting articles, and/or the kit described herein can be used in various applications, e.g., but not limited to assays for detection of a microbe or microbial matter, diagnostic and/or therapeutic agents for diagnosis and/or treatment of an infection caused by microbes in a subject or any environmental surface, and/or devices for removal of a microbe or microbial matter from a fluid.

Disclosed in the present invention is an enzyme-free glucose detection chip, including: a substrate; a detection portion, disposed on an end surface of the substrate; a plurality of protrusions, disposed at the detection portion; a conductive layer, disposed on a surface of the substrate having the protrusions; and a plurality of gold nanoparticles, dispersed on surfaces of the protrusions. In the enzyme-free glucose detection chip disclosed in the present invention, protrusions having gold nanoparticles are used as electrodes, are structures on a micrometer scale and a nanometer scale, and can directly react with glucose without any glucose oxidase or/and any medium.

The present disclosure provides, inter alia, genetically encoded recombinant peptide biosensors comprising analyte-binding framework portions and signaling portions, wherein the signaling portions are present within the framework portions at sites or amino acid positions that undergo a conformational change upon interaction of the framework portion with an analyte.

Mass spectrometry (MS) active, fluorescent rapid tagging reagent is provided having three substituent groups: (a) a tertiary amino group or other MS active atom; (b) a highly fluorescent moiety; and (c) a reactive group that can react with an amine. The reactive group provides rapid tagging of desired bio-molecules. The fluorescent moiety provides the fluorescent signal. The tertiary amino group provides the MS signal.

Methods for metabolic oligosaccharide engineering that incorporates derivatized alkyne-bearing sugar analogs as “tags” into cellular glycoconjugates are disclosed. Alkynyl derivatized Fuc and alkynyl derivatized ManNAc sugars are incorporated into cellular glycoconjugates. Chemical probes comprising an azide group and a visual or fluorogenic probe and used to label alkyne-derivatized sugar-tagged glycoconjugates are disclosed. Chemical probes bind covalently to the alkynyl group by Cu(I)-catalyzed [3+2] azide-alkyne cycloaddition and are visualized at the cell surface, intracellularly, or in a cellular extract. The labeled glycoconjugate is capable of detection by flow cytometry, SDS-PAGE, Western blot, ELISA, confocal microscopy, and mass spectrometry.

A graphene nanomesh based charge sensor and method for producing a graphene nanomesh based charge sensor. A graphene nanomesh based charge sensor includes a graphene nanomesh with a patterned array of multiple holes created by generating multiple holes in graphene in a periodic way, wherein: an edge of each of the multiple holes of the graphene nanomesh is passivated; and the passivated edge of each of the multiple holes of the graphene nanomesh is functionalized with a chemical compound that facilitates chemical binding of a receptor of a target molecule to the edge of one or more of the multiple holes, allowing the target molecule to bind to the receptor, causing a charge to be transferred to the graphene nanomesh to produce a graphene nanomesh based charge sensor for the target molecule.

The disclosure provides methods, compositions, and kits for enhanced detection of microbes in samples and monitoring of antimicrobial activity in a subject.

The invention relates generally to polypeptides comprising a lectin domain, multimeric proteins comprising the polypeptides, and use of the polypeptides or multimeric proteins in the detection of a carbohydrate (e.g., a sialic acid containing carbohydrate or Siglec ligand) or the treatment of a Siglec-mediated disorder.