Provided herein is technology for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) screening and particularly, but not exclusively, to methods, compositions, and related uses for detecting the presence of PDAC.

Provided is a method for liberating sugar chains from a glycoprotein, including: a step of brining a reaction solution which contains hydroxylamines (a) and a basic reagent (b) into contact with the glycoprotein to obtain a mixed solution of sugar chains liberated from the glycoprotein and the reaction solution.

The field of this invention relates to immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) for the targeted detection and mapping of biomolecules (e.g., proteins and miRNAs) in tissues or cells for example, for research use and for clinical use such by pathologists (e.g., biomarker analyses of a resected tumor or tumor biopsy). In particular, the use of mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) as a mode to detect and map the biomolecules in tissues or cells for example. More specifically, the field of this invention relates to photocleavable mass-tag reagents which are attached to probes such as antibodies and nucleic acids and used to achieve multiplex immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, with MSI as the mode of detection/readout. Probe types other than antibodies and nucleic acids are also covered in the field of invention, including but not limited to carbohydrate-binding proteins (e.g., lectins), receptors and ligands. Finally, the field of the invention also encompasses multi-omic MSI procedures, where MSI of photocleavable mass-tag probes is combined with other modes of MSI, such as direct label-free MSI of endogenous biomolecules from the biospecimen (e.g., tissue), whereby said biomolecules can be intact or digested (e.g., chemically digested or by enzyme).

A method for collecting information about the health status of a subject is proposed involving the quantitative detection, in serum, plasma or blood of the subject, of the concentration of THBS1, the proportion of free PSA (% fPSA), preferably including the concentration of at least one protein selected from the group consisting of CTSD, OLFM4, ICAM1.

An object is to provide a leucine-rich α2 glycoprotein composition comprising leucine-rich α2 glycoprotein and having excellent preservation stability. The object can be achieved by a leucine-rich α2 glycoprotein composition comprising leucine-rich α2 glycoprotein and having a pH of 7.0 to 9.3.

This application features a method of forming a nanoporous layer. The method includes steps of dispensing on a substrate a colloid composition comprising a liquid and a number of nanoparticle clusters, and subjecting the dispensed colloid composition to drying to form the nanoporous layer over the substrate. The nanoporous layer includes nanoparticles deposited to form a three dimensional network of irregularly shaped bodies. The nanoporous layer also includes a three dimensional network of irregularly shaped spaces that are not occupied by the three dimensional network of irregularly shaped bodies.

Myocilin-binding agents including antibodies and antigen binding fragments thereof and fusion proteins that immunospecifically bind the coiled-coil domain of myocilin but do not bind to misfolded myocilin are provided herein. The disclosed antibodies and antigen binding fragments and fusion proteins are useful for the detection and extraction of natively folded myocilin from a sample.

A method for preparing an analytical sample for analyzing a glycan contained in a sample includes: performing a first reaction so that when sialic acid is linked to the glycan, sialic acid of a first linkage type is lactonized and modification different from lactonization is performed on sialic acid of a second linkage type different from the first linkage type; performing a second reaction to ring-open a lactone formed in the first reaction; and performing the first reaction again.

The invention relates to methods of detection, capture, isolation and targeting of cancer cells for example circulating tumor cells (CTCs) using carbohydrate recognition domain of a lectin. The invention relates to methods of diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of cancer.

A method for identifying an unknown biological sample (e.g. a glycan, an antibody, a metabolite) is disclosed. The method comprises: receiving more than two sample measurements for the unknown biological sample, calculating a sample point in a two-dimensional plot from the more than two sample measurements for the unknown biological sample and identifying the unknown biological sample by comparing the sample point against the plurality of reference points in the two-dimensional plot. The two-dimensional plot includes a plurality of stored reference points corresponding to respective known biological compounds. Each reference point is calculated from a plurality of reference measurements for more than two attributes of the corresponding known biological compound (e.g. by performing principal component analysis on the plurality of reference measurements), with each attribute being different from another attribute. Each reference measurement may be obtained experimentally (e.g. by liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, tandem mass spectrometry, ion mobility spectrometry) or by a machine learning algorithm.