An encoder includes rotatable plate including first and second patterns, light emission unit, and light receiving unit. The first pattern includes first and second unit regions. The first unit regions guide the light from light emission unit to the light receiving unit. The second unit regions are configured not to guide light from the light emission unit to the light receiving unit. The second pattern includes first and second unit regions. The first unit regions of the second pattern guide light from light emission unit to the light receiving unit. The second unit regions of the second pattern are configured not to guide light from the light emission unit to the light receiving unit. The first and second unit regions of the first pattern are reverse to the first and second unit regions of the second pattern in a direction perpendicular to a rotation direction of the rotatable plate.

In one aspect, a system for filtering signal interference from sensors signals includes a header comprising a frame and a powered component supported relative to the frame, and a sensor configured to detect electromagnetic waves indicative of a parameter associated with the header. In addition, the system includes an electronic control unit operably connected to the sensor such that the electronic control unit is configured to receive signals from the sensor associated with the detection of the electromagnetic waves. The electronic control unit is further configured to filter interference from the signals deriving from motion of the powered component relative to the sensor.

In one aspect, a system for filtering signal interference from sensors signals includes a header comprising a frame and a powered component supported relative to the frame, and a sensor configured to detect electromagnetic waves indicative of a parameter associated with the header. In addition, the system includes an electronic control unit operably connected to the sensor such that the electronic control unit is configured to receive signals from the sensor associated with the detection of the electromagnetic waves. The electronic control unit is further configured to filter interference from the signals deriving from motion of the powered component relative to the sensor.

An apparatus and method for controlling articulation of an articulated vehicle may prevent jackknifing of the articulated vehicle driven backwards. The apparatus includes a hitch angle calculator configured to calculate a desired hitch angle based on a steering angle and a speed of the articulated vehicle, an error calculator configured to calculate an error between the desired hitch angle and an actual hitch angle of the articulated vehicle, a moment generator configured to generate a moment for controlling the articulation of the articulated vehicle based on the error, and an articulation controller configured to control the articulation of the articulated vehicle based on the moment.

An apparatus and method for controlling articulation of an articulated vehicle may prevent jackknifing of the articulated vehicle driven backwards. The apparatus includes a hitch angle calculator configured to calculate a desired hitch angle based on a steering angle and a speed of the articulated vehicle, an error calculator configured to calculate an error between the desired hitch angle and an actual hitch angle of the articulated vehicle, a moment generator configured to generate a moment for controlling the articulation of the articulated vehicle based on the error, and an articulation controller configured to control the articulation of the articulated vehicle based on the moment.

An electronic device includes: a sensor mounting portion; an inertial force sensor unit detecting an inertial force, the inertial force sensor unit being mounted on the sensor mounting portion; a mounting base substrate arranged in a housing; and a support beam having multiple connection portions connecting with the sensor mounting portion and having multiple connection portions connecting with the mounting base substrate, the support beam includes an angular portion at which an extension direction of the support beam is angled. The mounting base substrate defines a substrate penetration portion that penetrates the mounting base substrate in a thickness direction of the mounting base substrate. The sensor mounting portion is arranged at an inner side of the substrate penetration portion of the mounting base substrate when viewed from the thickness direction of the mounting base substrate.

An electronic device includes: a sensor mounting portion; an inertial force sensor unit detecting an inertial force, the inertial force sensor unit being mounted on the sensor mounting portion; a mounting base substrate arranged in a housing; and a support beam having multiple connection portions connecting with the sensor mounting portion and having multiple connection portions connecting with the mounting base substrate, the support beam includes an angular portion at which an extension direction of the support beam is angled. The mounting base substrate defines a substrate penetration portion that penetrates the mounting base substrate in a thickness direction of the mounting base substrate. The sensor mounting portion is arranged at an inner side of the substrate penetration portion of the mounting base substrate when viewed from the thickness direction of the mounting base substrate.

The sensor module includes a plurality of inertial measurement units having an angular velocity sensor device, an acceleration sensor device, and a signal processing circuit configured to process an output signal from the angular velocity sensor device and the acceleration sensor device, and an oscillation circuit configured to generate a synchronizing clock which synchronizes the plurality of inertial measurement units. Further, the oscillation circuit is provided to one of the inertial measurement units.

The sensor module includes a plurality of inertial measurement units having an angular velocity sensor device, an acceleration sensor device, and a signal processing circuit configured to process an output signal from the angular velocity sensor device and the acceleration sensor device, and an oscillation circuit configured to generate a synchronizing clock which synchronizes the plurality of inertial measurement units. Further, the oscillation circuit is provided to one of the inertial measurement units.

A mesh network system includes an electronic control unit. The electronic control unit selects determines a current motion state of a vehicle of a mesh network. The electronic control unit may calculates radio metric scores for network interfaces. The radio metric scores are weighted based on the current motion. The electronic control unit selects a desired network interface for communications between the vehicles based on the radio metric scores.