An apparatus and test method for simulating spark discharge of a high-voltage electrostatic precipitator are provided. The simulation apparatus includes a pulse power supply configured to provide a test voltage, an anode cylinder configured to simulate an anode of a precipitator, a cathode rod configured to simulate a cathode of the precipitator, a pulse capacitor unit configured to simulate an electrode capacitor of the precipitator, an insulating support configured to hang the cathode rod, a voltage divider configured to measure an electrode voltage, and a grounded current sampling unit configured to measure grounded current. The simulation apparatus simulates a discharge process of the high-voltage electrostatic precipitator to measure discharge characteristic parameters such as discharge current and discharge energy of the high-voltage electrostatic precipitator. In this way, characteristics of spark discharge of the precipitator under different load conditions are simulated.

An apparatus includes a memory interposer including a socket including an inner surface, one or more memories disposed on the inner surface, a bottom surface opposite to the inner surface, and pogo pins disposed on the bottom surface and respectively corresponding to the one or more memories, the pogo pins being configured to connect the one or more memories to a printed circuit board (PCB) including a semiconductor die. The apparatus further includes an intermediate thermal head attached to the memory interposer. The memory interposer is movable with respect to the intermediate thermal head.

To accurately predict a sensor value even in the case where external force is received. A control apparatus according to the present disclosure includes a prediction section that, in an actuator including a torque sensor that detects torque generated at a driving shaft, and an encoder that detects a rotational angle of the driving shaft, predicts a detection value of the encoder on a basis of a detection value of the torque sensor, or predict the detection value of the torque sensor on a basis of the detection value of the encoder, and a trouble determination section that compares a prediction value predicted by the prediction section with an actually measured value of the torque sensor or the encoder to perform trouble determination on the torque sensor or the encoder.

To accurately predict a sensor value even in the case where external force is received. A control apparatus according to the present disclosure includes a prediction section that, in an actuator including a torque sensor that detects torque generated at a driving shaft, and an encoder that detects a rotational angle of the driving shaft, predicts a detection value of the encoder on a basis of a detection value of the torque sensor, or predict the detection value of the torque sensor on a basis of the detection value of the encoder, and a trouble determination section that compares a prediction value predicted by the prediction section with an actually measured value of the torque sensor or the encoder to perform trouble determination on the torque sensor or the encoder.

Example embodiments associated with characterizing a sample using NMR fingerprinting are described. One example NMR apparatus includes an NMR logic that repetitively and variably samples a (k, t, E) space associated with an object to acquire a set of NMR signals that are associated with different points in the (k, t, E) space. Sampling is performed with t and/or E varying in a non-constant way. The NMR apparatus may also include a signal logic that produces an NMR signal evolution from the NMR signals and a characterization logic that characterizes a tissue in the object as a result of comparing acquired signals to reference signals. Example embodiments facilitate distinguishing diseased tissue from healthy tissue based on tissue component fractions identified using the NMR fingerprinting.

Example embodiments associated with characterizing a sample using NMR fingerprinting are described. One example NMR apparatus includes an NMR logic that repetitively and variably samples a (k, t, E) space associated with an object to acquire a set of NMR signals that are associated with different points in the (k, t, E) space. Sampling is performed with t and/or E varying in a non-constant way. The NMR apparatus may also include a signal logic that produces an NMR signal evolution from the NMR signals and a characterization logic that characterizes a tissue in the object as a result of comparing acquired signals to reference signals. Example embodiments facilitate distinguishing diseased tissue from healthy tissue based on tissue component fractions identified using the NMR fingerprinting.

An input module may include a first resistor and a second resistor coupled in series with the first resistor. The input module may also include a switch that may electrically isolate the second resistor based on a voltage output by an additional input module electrically coupled to the input module via a terminal base.

Method for detecting a protective conductor failure inside a cable including a plurality of conductors, in which at least one conductor has a shield and this shield is respectively connected to a potential at a first end and at a second end of the cable, wherein, in order to drive its potential to a predefined potential value, the shield is actively electrically supplied at at least one end of the cable. In this case, the cable may be a charging cable which is connected, by the first end, to a charging pole and is connected, by the second end, to a battery configured to be installed in an electric vehicle, and the shield is actively supplied at the first end of the cable which is connected to the charging pole.

A rotary encoder that is capable of securing a sufficient synthesis tolerance while achieving miniaturization is provided. The rotary encoder 1 includes a rotor 3, a stator 4, and a calculating unit 5 for calculating the rotation angle. The rotor 3 has a first rotor pattern 31 with a plurality of unit patterns 310 arranged along the measurement direction around the rotating shaft 2, and a second rotor pattern 32 with fewer unit patterns 320 than the plurality of unit patterns 310 in the first rotor pattern 310 arranged along the measurement direction. The number of the plurality of unit patterns 310 of the first rotor pattern 31 and the number of the plurality of unit patterns 320 of the second rotor pattern 32 are provided such that the maximum common divisor therebetween is two or more. The calculating unit calculates the rotation angle of the rotor 3 based on the detection signals from the first rotor pattern 31 and the second rotor pattern 32.

The invention relates to a device for the frequency analysis of a signal, comprising a diamond crystal having NV centers defining sub-regions, an excitation unit for optically or electrically exciting each sub-region, an injection unit for injecting a signal so that the sub-region is in the presence of the signal, a magnetic field generator designed so as to generate a magnetic field on each sub-region, the magnetic field having a spatial variation of amplitude in a first direction, and a detector for detecting the resonance frequency of each sub-region of the region, the detector comprising an electrical contact for detecting the charges created in a sub-region, and a reading circuit.