A conductive probe may include a probe body for communicating with a circuit tester or a jumper. The probe body may be formed of metal and may have a free end. A probe tip may be mounted to the end of the probe body. The probe tip may be formed of thorium-tungsten. The probe tip may be configured for contacting a circuit node.

A conductive probe may include a probe body for communicating with a circuit tester or a jumper. The probe body may be formed of metal and may have a free end. A probe tip may be mounted to the end of the probe body. The probe tip may be formed of thorium-tungsten. The probe tip may be configured for contacting a circuit node.

A multilevel triggering system of a signal analysis instrument outputs a complex trigger signal. The triggering system includes a trigger controlled buffer for receiving and buffering an input signal, triggering function modules, and a triggering matrix. Each triggering function module performs a corresponding triggering function for detecting a corresponding triggering condition. The triggering matrix includes multiple triggering levels, each of which is configurable to include at least one trigger block and each trigger block being configurable to implement one of the triggering function modules. Each trigger block generates a corresponding block trigger when the triggering condition of the corresponding triggering function module is detected in the buffered input signal. Each triggering level generates a corresponding level trigger when the at least one trigger block in the triggering level generates the corresponding block trigger, and the triggering matrix generates the complex trigger signal when the triggering levels generate corresponding level triggers.

A multilevel triggering system of a signal analysis instrument outputs a complex trigger signal. The triggering system includes a trigger controlled buffer for receiving and buffering an input signal, triggering function modules, and a triggering matrix. Each triggering function module performs a corresponding triggering function for detecting a corresponding triggering condition. The triggering matrix includes multiple triggering levels, each of which is configurable to include at least one trigger block and each trigger block being configurable to implement one of the triggering function modules. Each trigger block generates a corresponding block trigger when the triggering condition of the corresponding triggering function module is detected in the buffered input signal. Each triggering level generates a corresponding level trigger when the at least one trigger block in the triggering level generates the corresponding block trigger, and the triggering matrix generates the complex trigger signal when the triggering levels generate corresponding level triggers.

A magnetoresistive sensor is provided. The magnetoresistive sensor comprises a magnetic sensing layer, a magnetic reference layer, and a tunnel barrier layer between the magnetic sensing layer and the magnetic reference layer. The magnetoresistive sensor also comprises a sensing exchange layer having a layer of anti-ferromagnetic material. The sensing exchange layer is exchange coupled with the magnetic sensing layer. Also, the magnetoresistive sensor still further comprises a reference exchange layer having a layer of anti-ferromagnetic material. The reference exchange layer is exchange coupled with the magnetic reference layer. Moreover, the magnetoresistive sensor is configured such that in the absence of an external magnetic field, an exchange bias pinning the reference layer lies along a reference direction, an exchange bias pinning the sensing layer lies along a first direction that is orthogonal to the reference direction, and a magnetic anisotropy of the sensing layer is parallel to the first direction.

A composite product testing system including a main management system, a test equipment and a burn-in apparatus is disclosed. The test equipment and the burn-in apparatus are both arranged in a burn-in chamber of the testing system. First, multiple tested products are respectively inserted in multiple gauges of the burn-in chamber, and a burn-in procedure is activated for providing an aging environment. The main management system controls one of the gauges to connect with the test equipment for the test equipment to perform testing on the tested product upon the connected gauge. After the testing is completed, the main management system then controls the gauge to disconnect from the test equipment and re-connect with the burn-in apparatus, so as to monitor the tested product upon the gauge during the burn-in procedure.

Embodiments of the disclosure are directed towards electricity fraud detection systems that involve a behavioral detection ecosystem to improve the detection rate of electricity fraud while reducing the rate of false-positives. More specifically, machine learning algorithms are eschewed in favor of two separate models that are applied sequentially. The first model is directed to improving the detection rate of electricity fraud through the use of detectors to identify customers engaging in suspicious behavior based on the demand profiles of those customers. The second model is directed to reducing the rate of false-positives by identifying potential legitimate explanations for any suspicious behavior. Subtracting away the suspicious behavior with legitimate explanations leaves only the identified, unexplained suspicious behavior that is highly likely to be associated with fraudulent activity.

A contactless readable programmable transponder to monitor chip join and method of use are disclosed. The method includes reading a frequency of an oscillator associated with a chip module. The method further includes correlating the frequency with a bond quality of the chip module.

A contactless readable programmable transponder to monitor chip join and method of use are disclosed. The method includes reading a frequency of an oscillator associated with a chip module. The method further includes correlating the frequency with a bond quality of the chip module.

An image forming apparatus includes a developer carrying body to transfer developer to a photosensitive body. The developer carrying body has an outer circumference and grooves spaced apart along the outer circumference. The grooves occupy 27% or more of the outer circumference. The developing carrying body is rotatable in a rotational direction that imparts the developing carrying body with a direction of movement that is opposite to a direction of movement of the photosensitive body, at a position between the developer carrying body and the photosensitive body.