The electrical contact device has an insulative, compliant element with a first surface that is next to the load board and has a cavity from the first to the second surface. At the top of the compliant element is an insulative compliant sheet with a hole that aligns with the cavity. At the bottom of the compliant element is an insulative compliant plate with a hole that aligns with the cavity. A first contact element inserts into the compliant plate hole and forming the bottom of the cavity of the compliant element and having a primary protrusion with an oblique surface that faces both the wider cavity opening. A second contact element fits into the hole of the compliant sheet and having a primary protrusion with an oblique surface that mates onto and substantially parallel to the first contact element's oblique surface.

An on-wafer calibration device comprises on a substrate at least a first measuring port, at least a first switch element, at least two calibration standards, and a controller unit or a control interface for control of the first switch element. The first switch element is controlled in a manner that it selectively connects a wafer probe tip connectable to the first measuring port to the at least two calibration standards.

An on-wafer calibration device comprises on a substrate at least a first measuring port, at least a first switch element, at least two calibration standards, and a controller unit or a control interface for control of the first switch element. The first switch element is controlled in a manner that it selectively connects a wafer probe tip connectable to the first measuring port to the at least two calibration standards.

A test fixture includes a mother board that has test signal lines configured to couple to a test station. The mother board includes a recessed region with contact pads coupled to the test signal lines. A daughter board is engaged with the recessed region such that a top surface of the daughter board is approximately coplanar with a top surface of the mother board. The daughter board includes test signal lines coupled to contact pads on the daughter board. The contact pads on the daughter board align with the contact pads on the mother board and are permanently coupled by sintered bonds.

A test fixture includes a mother board that has test signal lines configured to couple to a test station. The mother board includes a recessed region with contact pads coupled to the test signal lines. A daughter board is engaged with the recessed region such that a top surface of the daughter board is approximately coplanar with a top surface of the mother board. The daughter board includes test signal lines coupled to contact pads on the daughter board. The contact pads on the daughter board align with the contact pads on the mother board and are permanently coupled by sintered bonds.

The invention relates to a method for placing and contacting a contact element formed in particular as a test contact of a test contact arrangement, wherein in said method, for forming a heat transfer surface, a contact head provided with a contact element holding device, with the contact element received in the contact element holding device, is placed between the contact element and a contact material deposit arranged on a contact surface of a contact carrier in the direction of a feeding axis against a contact surface of the connecting material deposit, and, for realizing an at least partial fusing of the connecting material deposit and for producing a materially bonded connection between the contact element and the connecting material deposit, thermal energy is introduced into the connecting material deposit by means of treating the contact element with thermal energy, the temperature T of the contact element being measured while the contact element is being treated and the duration of the treatment being defined as a function of a determined temperature gradient dT/dt of the temperature T of the contact element.

Cantilever probes are produced for use in a test apparatus of integrated electronic circuits. The probes are configured to contact corresponding terminals of the electronic circuits to be tested during a test operation. The probe bodies are formed of electrically conductive materials. On a lower portion of each probe body that, in use, is directed to the respective terminal to be contacted, an electrically conductive contact region is formed having a first hardness value equal to or greater than 300 HV; each contact region and the respective probe body form the corresponding probe.

Cantilever probes are produced for use in a test apparatus of integrated electronic circuits. The probes are configured to contact corresponding terminals of the electronic circuits to be tested during a test operation. The probe bodies are formed of electrically conductive materials. On a lower portion of each probe body that, in use, is directed to the respective terminal to be contacted, an electrically conductive contact region is formed having a first hardness value equal to or greater than 300 HV; each contact region and the respective probe body form the corresponding probe.

The test system provides an array of test probes. The probes pass through a first or upper probe guide retainer which has a plurality of slot sized to receive the probes in a way that they cannot rotate. A plurality of flex circuits at the different heights engage bottom probe ends at their respective height levels and flex circuits continue the electrical connection from the probes to a load board. The test probes are bonded to the flex circuits by ring shaped flowable conductive material. The flex circuits are biased against a load board by an elastomeric pad of spaced part conical projections.

The test system provides an array of test probes. The probes pass through a first or upper probe guide retainer which has a plurality of slot sized to receive the probes in a way that they cannot rotate. A plurality of flex circuits at the different heights engage bottom probe ends at their respective height levels and flex circuits continue the electrical connection from the probes to a load board. The test probes are bonded to the flex circuits by ring shaped flowable conductive material. The flex circuits are biased against a load board by an elastomeric pad of spaced part conical projections.