Apparatus and methods for determining an inertia characteristic of a synchronous area of an electric power grid are described. First data is determined. The first data represents a signal comprising a first variation in the grid frequency over a period of time, the signal resulting from a second variation, the second variation being a variation in provision of electric power to and/or consumption of electric power from the grid, the signal having been filtered according to a first filter defining a first frequency band to at least attenuate frequencies outside of the first frequency band. Second data is determined. The second data is representative of the second variation on a second frequency band, the second frequency band being substantially the same as the first frequency band. An inertia characteristic of a synchronous area of the electric power grid is determined based on the first data and the second data.

Apparatus and methods for determining an inertia characteristic of a synchronous area of an electric power grid are described. First data is determined. The first data represents a signal comprising a first variation in the grid frequency over a period of time, the signal resulting from a second variation, the second variation being a variation in provision of electric power to and/or consumption of electric power from the grid, the signal having been filtered according to a first filter defining a first frequency band to at least attenuate frequencies outside of the first frequency band. Second data is determined. The second data is representative of the second variation on a second frequency band, the second frequency band being substantially the same as the first frequency band. An inertia characteristic of a synchronous area of the electric power grid is determined based on the first data and the second data.

A data collection system pertaining to one embodiment of the present invention collects time-series data which is output from sensors installed on equipment which is a monitored object and carries out detecting an abnormality of the equipment. The data collection system stores plural fault models as data for comparison with time-series data and, in a learning process, determines a range to examine within time-series data by comparing the time-series data with each one of the fault models. An abnormality detection process includes extracting a partial frequency spectrum to examine from the frequency spectrum of time-series data, using information on the range to examine within the time-series data determined through the learning process, and carrying out detecting an abnormality of the equipment using the extracted frequency spectrum.

A data collection system pertaining to one embodiment of the present invention collects time-series data which is output from sensors installed on equipment which is a monitored object and carries out detecting an abnormality of the equipment. The data collection system stores plural fault models as data for comparison with time-series data and, in a learning process, determines a range to examine within time-series data by comparing the time-series data with each one of the fault models. An abnormality detection process includes extracting a partial frequency spectrum to examine from the frequency spectrum of time-series data, using information on the range to examine within the time-series data determined through the learning process, and carrying out detecting an abnormality of the equipment using the extracted frequency spectrum.

An environmental frequency sensing device, includes logic that performs signal strength (SS) level separation on a received band of frequencies to produce SS level separated frequencies. The logic performs frequency grouping on the SS level separated frequencies for each signal strength level to produce magnitude information for each grouping. The logic generates peak data by detecting peaks of the produced magnitude information. The logic generates an edge event indicating a signal edge based on arrival or departure of a given peak and compares, on a frequency basis, generated edges to stored fingerprint data of a signal of interest. Based on the comparison, the logic provides detected signal data indicating current use of a range of frequencies in an environment.

A temperature control system for a motor vehicle includes a thermotactile user interface having a plurality of adjacent thermoelectric units arranged in an array, each thermoelectric unit having a thermoelectric surface whose temperature varies with an amount of current supplied to the thermoelectric unit. A controller controls the amount of current supplied to each thermoelectric unit such that the temperature of each thermoelectric surface in the array progressively increases or decreases along the array. The system also includes a sensor system that detects a user selection of one of the thermoelectric surfaces as corresponding to a desired temperature. In response to the detected user selection, the controller controls a temperature of a temperature controlled medium of the motor vehicle, e.g., controls the vehicle's cabin climate, to match the temperature of the selected thermoelectric surface.

The implementation of modal processors, which involve the parallel combination resonant filters, may be costly for applications such as artificial reverberation that can require thousands of modes. In one embodiment, the input signal is decomposed into a plurality of subbands, the outputs of which are downsampled. In each downsampled band, resonant filters are applied at the downsampled sampling rate, and their output is upsampled and filtered to form the band output. In these and other embodiments, a feature of responses of the mode filters have been optimized to minimize an aspect of a residual error after a point in time.

A system is provided for performing measurements in a modular application environment. The system comprises a digital measurement data recorder adapted to create raw digital data with respect to a measurement. The system further comprises at least two modular applications, adapted to perform at least two different data processing schemes, where one comprises a measurement unit module and the other comprises an application unit module. In this context, the measurement unit module is adapted to capture or process the raw digital data from the digital measurement data recorder. Moreover, the application unit module is adapted to process raw digital data and/or measurement results from the digital measurement data recorder into a user interface.

The present disclosure provides a primary frequency modulation method for a wind turbine, which may include: detecting a current frequency of a power grid; determining an instruction value of a power change amount for a primary frequency modulation by a first determining process when the current frequency of the power grid is less than a standard frequency of the power grid, wherein the first determining process may include: determining a reference value of the power change amount for the primary frequency modulation based on the current frequency; and when it is determined that currently there is an active power headroom for the wind turbine, comparing the reference value with a current active power headroom value of the wind turbine and determining the instruction value of the power change amount for the primary frequency modulation; and performing the primary frequency modulation based on the instruction value of the power change amount.

A measurement method and a measurement device for performing a measurement with respect to a frequency-converting device under test and compensating for a shifting frequency are provided. The measurement method comprises the steps of applying an input signal to an input of the device under test, receiving an output signal from an output of the device under test, converting the output signal into a digitized signal comprising digital samples, estimating a received frequency with respect to the output signal on the basis of the digital samples, and comparing the received frequency to an expected frequency.