An LCR meter with a fast balancing method, with only one necessary measurement of voltages. The LCR meter uses to speed up balancing, separation in time measurement of a device under test (DUT), and other parasitic impedances, including a leakage impedance. The leakage impedance and the other parasitic impedances of a fixture and the LCR meter itself are measured during open/short calibration and saved to memory. The DUT is measured during measurement using already known parasitic impedances. This allows calculating balancing conditions using only one measurement of voltages.

A high-frequency component test device including a test key and a test module is provided. The test key includes a front-level key and a back-level key which are arranged symmetrically and have the same electrical length and characteristic impedance. The test module is used to measure an S parameter of the front-level key and the back-level key connected directly and an S parameter of a structure where a device under test (DUT) is added between the front-level key and the back-level key. The test module performs S parameter calculation in the frequency domain and converts the S parameter into an ABCD parameter matrix, and then obtains an ABCD parameter of a de-embedded DUT using a matrix root-opening operation and an inverse matrix operation.

A waveform capture device (WCD) is a flexible measurement system capable of recording complex digital signals on trillionth-of-a-second (ps) time scales. The WCD may be implemented via modular code on an off-the-shelf field-programmable gate-array (FPGA), and incorporates both time-to-digital converter (TDC) and digital storage oscilloscope (DSO) functionality. The device captures a waveform by taking snapshots of a signal as it propagates down an ultra-fast transmission line known as a carry chain (CC). It may be calibrated via a dynamic phase-shifting (DPS) method that requires substantially less data and resources than conventional techniques.

Provided is a capacitance detection circuit, which has better detection performance. The capacitance detection circuit includes: a first charging and discharging circuit configured to perform charging or discharging on a capacitor to be detected; a second charging and discharging circuit configured to perform charging or discharging on a calibration capacitor; an analog-to-digital conversion circuit configured to continuously sample a voltage difference between the capacitor to be detected and the calibration capacitor in a charging or discharging process to obtain sampled data; and a digital processing circuit configured to detect a capacitance of the capacitor to be detected according to the sampled data.

The present disclosure provides a wafer probe card including: a non-magnetic printed circuit board (PCB) having a first side and a second side opposite the first side, the first side configured to face a magnet; a plurality of connection structures provided on the first side of the non-magnetic PCB; and a Hall sensor unit fixedly provided on the first side of the non-magnetic PCB, the Hall sensor electrically connected to at least one of the plurality of connection structures.

A voltage detection circuit includes a first terminal for connecting to one end of a first voltage detection line through a first resistor, the first voltage detection line having another end connected to a cathode or an anode of a first individual battery; a second terminal for connecting to the one end of the first voltage detection line without the first resistor; a first current generating circuit connected to the first terminal; and a voltage detector which detects a voltage of the first terminal and a voltage of the second terminal. The voltage detector includes at least one first AD converter connected to the first terminal, and at least one second AD converter connected to the second terminal.

A voltage detection circuit includes a first terminal for connecting to one end of a first voltage detection line through a first resistor, the first voltage detection line having another end connected to a cathode or an anode of a first individual battery; a second terminal for connecting to the one end of the first voltage detection line without the first resistor; a first current generating circuit connected to the first terminal; and a voltage detector which detects a voltage of the first terminal and a voltage of the second terminal. The voltage detector includes at least one first AD converter connected to the first terminal, and at least one second AD converter connected to the second terminal.

A switching device for controlling power flow on a power line. The device includes a current sensor for measuring primary current on the line, a first voltage sensor for measuring primary voltage on the line at one side of the switching device, and a second voltage sensor for measuring primary voltage on the line at another side of the switching device. An ADC converts measurement signals from the current sensor and the voltage sensors to digital signals, and a PMU calculates magnitude and phase angle synchrophasor data using the current and voltage measurement digital signals and calibration data.

A power supply system includes first and second power supply lines to respectively connect positive and negative electrode terminals of a load with a main power supply. First and second voltage detection lines are respectively connected to the first and second power supply lines via first and second resistances. First and second inspection power supplies respectively supply power and provide potential differences to the first and second voltage detection lines from the first and second power supply lines. Occurrence of a short circuit in one of the first and second voltage detection lines is recognized when corresponding one of the first and second inspection power supplies supplies power and a difference between a preset voltage and a voltage caused between the first and second voltage detection lines is a threshold value or more.

A calibration device for a conductivity sensor for aqueous solutions. The calibration device includes a first connector configured to electrically couple with the sensor electrodes of the conductivity sensor. The connector is further configured to provide for the application of a controlled voltage across at least two of the sensor electrodes. A first resistor is connected between the at least two sensor electrodes and coupled to the first connector. The resistor has a value such that a current flow between the at least two sensor electrodes replicates the properties of an electrochemical calibration solution. In certain embodiments, the calibration device is configured for pH sensors or dissolved oxygen sensors.