A lidar receiver that includes a photodetector circuit can be controlled so that the detection intervals used by the lidar receiver to detect returns from fired laser pulse shots are closely controlled. Such control over the detection intervals used by the lidar receiver allows for close coordination between a lidar transmitter and the lidar receiver where the lidar receiver is able to adapt to variable shot intervals of the lidar transmitter (including periods of high rate firing as well as periods of low rate firing). The detection intervals can vary across different shots, and at least some of the detection intervals can be controlled to be of different durations than the shot intervals that correspond to such detection intervals.

An optical device includes a substrate, an electronic component and a lid. The electronic component is disposed on the substrate. The lid is disposed on the substrate. The lid has a first cavity over the electronic component and a second cavity over the first cavity. The sidewall of the second cavity is inclined.

A technology is described for mapping a physical environment. An example method may include receiving laser point data for laser light reflected from the physical environment and detected by a laser sensor. Points included in the laser point data can be correlated to grid cells in an environment map that represents the physical environment. Error ranges for the points correlated to the grid cells can be determined based in part on an error distribution. Occupation probabilities can then be calculated for the grid cells in the environment map using an interpolation technique and grid cell occupation probabilities for adjacent error grid cells selected based in part on the error ranges of the points, and the grid cells in the environment map can be updated with the occupation probabilities.

The present invention provides a target tracking method, system, device and storage medium, which includes: Determining a target area based on the current frame of a training sample, extracting and fusing histogram of oriented gradient (HOG), color naming (CN), and color space HSV features of the target area to obtain a target template; Determining a target function according to the target template and a spatial regularization weight factor; Introducing the Sherman-Morrison formula into the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) to accelerate the solution of the target function and obtain the response value; Iterating the target tracking model when the response value meets the preset confidence threshold until training is completed to obtain a trained target tracking model, and tracking the target in the video to be observed by using the trained target tracking model.

Hyperspectral, fluorescence, and laser mapping imaging with reduced fixed pattern noise is disclosed. A method includes actuating an emitter to emit a plurality of pulses of electromagnetic radiation and sensing reflected electromagnetic radiation resulting from the plurality of pulses of electromagnetic radiation with a pixel array of an image sensor. The method includes reducing fixed pattern noise in an exposure frame by subtracting a reference frame from the exposure frame. The method is such that at least a portion of the pulses of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the emitter comprises one or more of: electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength from about 513 nm to about 545 nm, from about 565 nm to about 585 nm, from about 900 nm to about 1000 nm, an excitation wavelength of electromagnetic radiation that causes a reagent to fluoresce, or a laser mapping pattern.

A LIDAR system includes a first polygon scanner, a second polygon scanner, and an optic. The first polygon scanner includes a plurality of first facets around an axis of rotation. The second polygon scanner includes plurality of second facets that are outward from the plurality of first facets relative to the axis of rotation. The optic is inward from the first polygon scanner relative to the axis of rotation. The optic is configured to output a first beam to the first polygon scanner. The first polygon scanner is configured to refract the first beam to output a second beam to the second polygon scanner. The second polygon scanner is configured to refract the second beam to output a third beam.

Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are disclosed for multi-detector LIDAR and methods. An example method may include emitting, by a light emitter of a LIDAR system, a first light pulse. The example method may also include activating a first light detector of the LIDAR system at a first time, the first time corresponding a time when return light corresponding to the first light pulse would be within a first field of view of the first light detector. The example method may also include activating a second light detector of the LIDAR system at a second time, the second time corresponding a time when return light corresponding to the first light pulse would be within a second field of view of the second light detector, wherein the first light detector is configured to include the first field of view, the first field of view being associated with a first range from the light emitter, and wherein the second light detector configured to include the second field of view, the second field of view being associated with a second range from the light emitter.

We provide a wide-field time-resolved imaging apparatus using resonant drive. We also identify ideal configurations of electro-optic (EO) modulator crystals for wide-field imaging. These techniques enable compact and low-cost LIDAR imaging devices. Resonant drive affords modulation of various EO modulators at high voltage by means of resonant voltage enhancement. Further, it enables operation of imaging modulators at high frequencies which would otherwise not be possible with conventional pulsed drivers—this leads to improved LIDAR accuracy and dynamic range. Resonant drive uniquely enables Pockels cell LIDAR beyond normal flash mode by allowing for multiple pulses or multiple cycles of amplitude modulated illumination to be present simultaneously in a scene. This corresponds to illumination and modulation waveforms having a defined phase relationship where time-of-flight is encoded in the phase of the returning light waveform.

A lidar receiver that includes a photodetector circuit can be controlled so that the detection intervals used by the lidar receiver to detect returns from fired laser pulse shots are closely controlled. Such control over the detection intervals used by the lidar receiver allows for close coordination between a lidar transmitter and the lidar receiver where the lidar receiver is able to adapt to variable shot intervals of the lidar transmitter (including periods of high rate firing as well as periods of low rate firing). The lidar receiver can define the detection intervals based on a region in the field of view that a laser pulse shot is targeting (e.g., setting longer detection intervals for laser pulse shots targeting a horizon region, setting shorter detection intervals for laser pulse shots targeting a region that intersects within the ground within a relatively short distance of the lidar system).

The present invention discloses a multi-excitation wavelength spectrometer fluorescence laser radar system, including a multi-wavelength laser emission system, a signal frequency division system and a data storage and display system. The present invention emits lasers with a plurality of wavelengths into the atmosphere simultaneously to alternately excite an organic matter in atmospheric particulate matters and obtain a fluorescence spectrum. The lasers with different wavelengths can excite the same organic matter to obtain different spectra. By analyzing a matrix diagram of each excitation and emission fluorescence spectrum, the present invention effectively explores the features of compositions and concentration of the organic matter in the atmospheric particulate matters.