A phantom, phantom system, and method of phantom identification include a first material that forms a phantom. A phantom identifier includes at least one unit marker. The at least one unit marker identifies a physical characteristic of the phantom. In a method of phantom identification, an image of the phantom is obtained that includes the phantom identifier. The at least one unit marker is identified, the at least one unit marker encodes a value representative of a physical characteristic of the phantom.

Provided are an underwater radiation monitoring system and method. The monitoring system includes a plurality of sensors configured to measure a value of underwater radiation in a measurement area in which underwater radiation is to be measured, the plurality of sensors being installed in the measurement area by being arranged in a form which is set on the basis of information about the measurement area; and an electronic device configured to identify a value of underwater radiation in the measurement area on the basis of the values of underwater radiation measured by the plurality of sensors, wherein at least one first sensor among the plurality of sensors is connected to the electronic device to collect measured values obtained from the at least one first sensor and a plurality of second sensors excluding the at least one first sensor and to transmit the collected measured values to the electronic device.

A method and system for providing improved timing calibration information for use with apparatuses performing Time of Flight Positron Emission Tomography scans. Relative timing offset, including timing walk, within a set of processing units in the scanner are obtained and corrected using a stationary limited extent positron-emitting source, and timing offset between the set of processing units is calibrated using an internal radiation source, for performing calibration.

A device for measuring large-area radioactive surface contamination can simultaneously obtain a plurality of detection values. The measurement device includes a frame body having a plurality of holes; a mover that is connected to, and moves, the frame body; and a plurality of radiation detectors that rest in the plurality of holes. The detectors detect one or more of: alpha rays, beta rays, or gamma rays. The location and level of radioactive contamination are accurately identified according to a comparison of the detection values of the plurality of radiation detectors.

A dosimeter assembly being placed within an inner volume of a test article for evaluating an image produced by an x-ray computed tomography (CT) system. The dosimeter assembly includes: a dosimeter having a display, a dosimeter shelf that supports the dosimeter; and an alignment bracket that positions the dosimeter on the dosimeter shelf. The dosimeter shelf is operable to be mounted within the x-ray computed tomography system test article, and the display of the dosimeter is viewable through a dosimeter window which is disposed at a front end of the x-ray computed tomography system test article, wherein the dosimeter assembly is accessible through an access panel directly beneath the dosimeter assembly, the access panel being an opening which is disposed on a base of the x-ray computer tomography system test article. The dosimeter is operably connected to a connection interface which is configured to exchange communication with an external device.

A radiation detector according to an embodiment includes a housing, an array substrate that is located inside the housing and includes multiple detecting parts detecting radiation directly or in collaboration with a scintillator, a circuit board that is located inside the housing and electrically connected with the array substrate, and a conductive part located between a ground and a plate-shaped body inside the housing, wherein the ground is film-shaped and is located in the circuit board, and the plate-shaped body is conductive and is located in the housing. The conductive part is conductive and includes a softer material than a material of the ground.

Methods and apparatus for calibrating radioactive sources are described. An array of scintillation detectors form a receptacle within which a sample or sample container can be retained by a holder. The scintillation detectors are coupled via light transducers such as photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) to independent electronic counters. Coincidence processing of time-tagged events yields a correlated event rate. One or more corrections can be applied as needed, for background counts, deadtime, or random coincidences. Voltage tuning of PMTs yields improved reproducibility. Variations are disclosed. 1% accuracy has been demonstrated over a range of 10 kBq-3 MBq, covering a gap in the capabilities of conventional technology.

An instrument and software methodology to detect a radioactive source and incorporates the following:

1) two radiation detectors in a co-axial configuration, housed in a handheld probe, and

2) a gamma detection control unit executing software algorithms to limit the functional field of view to the front aspect of the probe, vary the depth and width of the field of view to provide collimation without the use of metallic shielding, and allowing the instrument to measure the distance to the radiation source.

Disclosed herein is a method comprising: translating a detector module such that a point of the detector module moves along a curve through movement rounds (i), i=1, . . . , M, with M being a positive integer, wherein the curve is smooth; and in the movement round (i), i=1, . . . , M, capturing partial images (i, j) of a scene using the detector module, j=1, . . . , Hi, when the point is at position Pi,j on the curve, with Hi being an integer greater than 1.

Disclosed herein is a method comprising: translating a detector module such that a point of the detector module moves along a curve through movement rounds (i), i=1, . . . , M, with M being a positive integer, wherein the curve is smooth; and in the movement round (i), i=1, . . . , M, capturing partial images (i, j) of a scene using the detector module, j=1, . . . , Hi, when the point is at position Pi,j on the curve, with Hi being an integer greater than 1.