The present invention may be used for forecasting various weather phenomena including but not limited to flyby anomalies, cyclones, tornadoes, killer (rogue) waves, earthquakes, lightning, sprites, and temperature fluctuations. The invention is based on knowledge of physical and mathematical models regarding the occurrence of Kukharev regions (i.e., K regions) resulting from gravitational resonances occurring within the Earth-Moon-Sun system (and similar systems located elsewhere). These gravitational resonances and combinations thereof, among other things, cause jumps in atmospheric pressure. Such jumps can be recorded and extrapolated to predict the locations and times of the occurrence of Kukharev regions and, in turn, the associated weather-related effects.

Disclosed is a calibration method for a rotating accelerometer gravity gradiometer, wherein linear motion error coefficients, angular motion error coefficients, self-gradient model parameters and scale factors of the rotating accelerometer gravity gradiometer are calibrated once by changing linear motion, angular motion, and self-gradient excitations of the rotating accelerometer gravity gradiometer. The calibrated linear and angular motion error coefficients are used for compensating for motion errors of the gravity gradiometer online, and the calibrated self-gradient model parameters are used for self-gradient compensation. The calibration method provided by the present invention is easy to operate and not limited by any calibration site, thereby being suitable for programmed self-calibration and realizing an important engineering value.

Methods and systems are presented in this disclosure for high-dimensional detection and visualization. Detection in a higher-dimensional domain of at least one of an event or one or more objects within a visualization environment can be performed by identifying at least one evolution of the event or a dynamic property of the one or more objects. The at least one evolution of the event or the one or more objects having the dynamic property can be displayed within the visualization environment. Appropriate operations can be initiated based on the at least one evolution of the event or the one or more objects.

Described herein are examples of tool based welding technique monitoring systems that provide an inexpensive, intuitive, and relatively robust way of tracking an orientation of a welding-type tool, and providing welding technique feedback based on the orientation. The system requires no sensors apart from a simple and/or relatively inexpensive sensor module that can travel with the welding-type tool, which makes the system highly portable. The system can also provide some feedback with minimal calibration, which can be valuable in situations where an operator forgets, or is unwilling, to take the time to fully calibrate the system. Additionally, full calibration of the system can be accomplished with a fast, simple, intuitive calibration technique.

Described herein are examples of tool based welding technique monitoring systems that provide an inexpensive, intuitive, and relatively robust way of tracking an orientation of a welding-type tool, and providing welding technique feedback based on the orientation. The system requires no sensors apart from a simple and/or relatively inexpensive sensor module that can travel with the welding-type tool, which makes the system highly portable. The system can also provide some feedback with minimal calibration, which can be valuable in situations where an operator forgets, or is unwilling, to take the time to fully calibrate the system. Additionally, full calibration of the system can be accomplished with a fast, simple, intuitive calibration technique.

Provided herein may be a storage device and a method of operating the same. A storage device for protecting the storage device from physical movement may include a nonvolatile memory device, a sensor unit configured to collect information about physical movement of the storage device, and a memory controller configured to perform a device lock operation of protecting data in the nonvolatile memory device, based on a sensor value acquired from the sensor unit.

Provided herein may be a storage device and a method of operating the same. A storage device for protecting the storage device from physical movement may include a nonvolatile memory device, a sensor unit configured to collect information about physical movement of the storage device, and a memory controller configured to perform a device lock operation of protecting data in the nonvolatile memory device, based on a sensor value acquired from the sensor unit.

A system (100) for monitoring a field (20) under a body of water, wherein the system (100) comprises a reference station (112) and a plurality of permanent seafloor sensors (120, 121). Each permanent seafloor sensor (120, 121) is fixed relative to a seafloor (2) on or at the field (20). The seafloor sensor (120, 121) further has a nearby survey station (111) sufficiently distant to ensure that a movable sensor (122) visiting the nearby survey station (111) does not disturb measurements from the permanent seafloor sensor (120). The distance is sufficiently close to ensure that the offset (Δp, Δg) from a value provided by the permanent seafloor sensor (120) is constant or can be modelled, e.g. to account for changes in the pressure/depth relation due to changes in water density. Each seafloor sensor is associated with a unique drift function d(t) at least comprising a drift rate (a). Thus, each permanent seafloor (120, 121) sensor provide an output that is corrected for drift at any time between calibration surveys. The system may be used for permanent monitoring of a seafloor.

The present disclosure discloses a submarine position detection method based on extreme points of gravity gradients. A space rectangular coordinate system is established by taking a centroid of the middle cylindrical portion as a coordinate origin, a direction pointing to a bow is taken as a forward direction of the X axis, a direction pointing to a port is taken as a forward direction of the Y direction, and a vertical upward direction is taken as a forward direction of the Z axis. The detection method includes steps of: determining a horizontal position of a submarine, i.e., coordinates (X, Y), according to a position of a central extreme point and a central position between extreme points of non-diagonal components of a gradient tensor; and determining a functional relation between a depth and the extreme points of gravity gradients by using the submarine model.

The present application relates sensing reactive components in fluids by monitoring band gap changes to a material having interacted with the reactive components via physisorption and/or chemisorption. In some embodiments, the sensors of the present disclosure include the material as a reactive surface on a substrate. The band gap changes may be detected by measuring conductance changes and/or spectroscopic changes. In some instances, the sensing may occur downhole during one or more wellbore operations like drilling, hydraulic fracturing, and producing hydrocarbons.