Beam steering devices include a laser and a metasurface for dynamic beam shaping of laser light. A steering actuator may adjust a metasurface with respect to a laser to dynamically shape the beam. Lasers in a plurality of lasers may be selectively activated to generate a desired beam shape.

A photon emitter includes a multi-layer film. The multi-layer film includes a first material layer and a second material layer, and the multi-layer film includes an interface surface between the first and second material layers. The first material layer includes silicon nitride. The multi-layer film is formed by positioning the silicon nitride over the second material layer and energetically activating the combination of the first material layer and the second material layer. The interface surface is operable to emit single photons.

A color filter array may include a plurality of color filters arranged two-dimensionally and configured to allow light of different wavelengths to pass therethrough. Each of the plurality of color filters includes at least one Mie resonance particle and a transparent dielectric surrounding the at least one Mie resonance particle.

Provided an imaging apparatus including a first optical device, a second optical device disposed such that light transmitted through the first optical device is incident on the second optical device, and a third optical device disposed such that light transmitted through the second optical device is incident on the third optical device, wherein at least one of the first optical device, the second optical device, and the third optical device includes a plurality of nanostructures, and heights of at least two nanostructures of the plurality of nanostructures are different from each other.

An optical device forms a refractive index distribution for exhibiting a certain phase delay profile with respect to light in a visible light wavelength, and includes a nanopattern layer including a crystalline compound having a refractive index greater than 3 with respect to the light in the visible light wavelength band and a height equal to or less than 2 μm. The nanopattern layer may include the crystalline compound grown according to a selective epitaxial growth method, and accordingly, may have a height beneficial for a manufacturing process. Thus, the efficiency of the optical device may be improved.

An optical filter may include a set of optical filter layers disposed onto a substrate. The set of optical filter layers may include a first subset of optical filter layers comprising a first material with a first refractive index. The first material may comprise at least silicon and hydrogen. The set of optical filter layers may include a second subset of optical filter layers comprising a second material with a second refractive index. The second material is different from the first material and the second refractive index is less than the first refractive index. The set of optical filter layers may include a third subset of optical filter layers comprising a third material different from the first material and the second material.

A metalens includes one or more regions of nanostructures. A first region of nanostructures directs a first field of view (FOV) of light incident on the first region of nanostructures to a first region of an image plane. A second region of nanostructures directs a second FOV of light incident on the second region of nanostructures to a second region of the image plane in which the second FOV is different from the first FOV, and the second region of the image plane is different from the first region of the image plane. A third region of nanostructures directs a third FOV of light to a third region of the image plane, in which the third FOV is different from the first FOV and the second FOV, and the third region of the image plane is different from the first region and the second region of the image plane.

To provide: an optical glass having a high refractive index and a relatively low specific gravity; and a corresponding optical element.

An optical glass which has a refractive index nd of 1.80 to 2.00 and an Abbe number vd of 17 to 22, contains 25 to 40 mass % of P.sub.2O.sub.5, 15 to 40 mass % of Nb.sub.2O.sub.5, 10 to 35 mass % of TiO.sub.2, 3 to 12 mass % of B.sub.2O.sub.3, 0 to 15 mass % of BaO, greater than 0 mass % and 10 mass % or less of Li.sub.2O, greater than 0 mass % and 15 mass % or less of a total of Li.sub.2O, Na.sub.2O, K.sub.2O, and Cs.sub.2O [Li.sub.2O+Na.sub.2O+K.sub.2O+Cs.sub.2O], has a mass ratio [TiO.sub.2/(Nb.sub.2O.sub.5+TiO.sub.2+WO.sub.3+Bi.sub.2O.sub.3+Ta.sub.2O.sub.5)] of TiO.sub.2 to the total of Nb.sub.2O.sub.5, TiO.sub.2, WO.sub.3, Bi.sub.2O.sub.3, and Ta.sub.2O.sub.5 of 0.33 to 0.60, and does not substantially contain F.

Provided is a chemically strengthened optical glass with improved crack resistance and high hardness, in which the refractive index, the Abbe number, and the transmittance required for a conventional optical glass are maintained.

The chemically strengthened optical glass includes a compressive stress layer on a surface, and contains, by mass % in terms of oxide: 20.0% to 50.0% of a SiO.sub.2 component, 10.0% to 45.0% of a TiO.sub.2 component, and 0.1 to 20.0% of a Na.sub.2O component, and the chemically strengthened optical glass is characterized in that an Hv change rate defined as [(Hv.sub.after−Hv.sub.before)/Hv.sub.before]×100 is equal to or greater than 3.0%.

A circular polarization filter of a chiral metasurface structure is disclosed including a substrate having a nanograting pattern extending from the substrate, a dielectric layer formed directly on the nanograting pattern, and a plasmonic structure in direct contact with the dielectric layer, where the plasmonic structure may be oriented at a nonzero angle with respect to the nanograting pattern. An integrated polarization filter array is also disclosed including include a linear polarization filter, and a circular polarization filter. Methods of detecting full-stokes polarization using an integrated polarization filter array having both linear and circular polarization filters made from chiral metasurface structures is disclosed. Methods of using a Mueller matrix to evaluate polarization response of any optical device or system is also disclosed.