A tunable optical metamaterial system includes a tunable optical metamaterial, an actuator module to selectively activate the tunable optical metamaterial, and a control system to selectively control the actuator module. The tunable optical metamaterial includes a substrate defined by one or more fluid-filled pockets formed by one or more electroactive polymer (EAP) layers defining a reservoir containing a fluid that is induced to a change in volumetric configuration or 3D orientation when electrically activated. The optically active array of resonators are populated on an electroactive surface of the one or more fluid-filled pockets and are optically responsive to the change in volumetric configuration of the one or more fluid-filled pockets. The control module is to selectively control, via the actuator module, the optical properties of the tunable optical metamaterial by causing the electrical activation of the fluid-filled pockets.

An illumination system configured to provide an illumination beam is provided and includes a light-source module and a first and a second wavelength conversion devices. The light-source module provides a first and a second excitation beams. The first wavelength conversion device is disposed on a path of the first excitation beam and has first regions and at least one first boundary disposed between every two adjacent first regions. The second wavelength conversion device is disposed on a path of the second excitation beam and has second regions and at least one second boundary disposed between every two adjacent second regions. The second regions correspond to the first regions. A time point when the first boundary gets into the path of the first excitation beam is different from a time point when the second boundary gets into the path of the second excitation beam. A projection apparatus is also provided.

The invention provides a film having a high relative permittivity, a high volume resistivity, and a high breakdown strength. The film has a relative permittivity of 9 or higher at a frequency of 1 kHz and 30° C., a volume resistivity of 5E+15 Ω.Math.cm or higher at 30° C., and a breakdown strength of 500 V/μm or higher.

An optical filter system includes a Fabry-Perot interference filter, and a controller that controls the Fabry-Perot interference filter. The Fabry-Perot interference filter includes a first mirror portion, a second mirror portion, a first driving electrode and a first monitor electrode provided with the first mirror portion, and a second driving electrode and a second monitor electrode provided with the second mirror portion. The controller includes a control unit that calculates an electrostatic capacitance between the first mirror portion and the second mirror portion based on an alternating voltage generated between the first monitor electrode and the second monitor electrode while an alternating current is applied between the first monitor electrode and the second monitor electrode.

A photometer and a method of performing photometric measurements with this photometer are described. The photometer comprises a photodetector providing a detector signal corresponding to an intensity of light received by the photodetector; and measurement electronics including: an amplifier and a signal processing device configured to determine and to provide a measurement result based on a measurement signal determined by the signal processing device as or based on an amplified detector signal provided by the amplifier. The signal processing device is configured to determine the measurement signal: a) as or based on the amplified detector signal provided by the amplifier being a multistage amplifier including a transimpedance converter and a voltage to current amplifier; and/or b) in form of a noise reduced signal determined by subtracting a previously determined noise offset included in the amplified detector signal from the amplified detector signal.

Provided are a light source device capable of reducing color irregularities while having a compact size, and a projector including this light source device. A light source device includes: an excitation light irradiation unit 70 that emits excitation light; a rotary wheel unit 100 including a rotary wheel 101 having a filter region 104 that reflects or transmits light in a predetermined wavelength band different from a wavelength band of the excitation light and transmits the excitation light, and a transmission bending region 106 that bends and transmits the excitation light; and a fixed phosphor 200 that is irradiated with the excitation light transmitted through the filter region 104 and emits fluorescence including light in the predetermined wavelength band toward the filter region 104. The rotary wheel unit 100 is configured so that an optical axis of the excitation light that is transmitted through the rotary wheel 101 or is reflected from the rotary wheel 101 overlaps with an optical axis of the fluorescence in the predetermined wavelength band reflected from the filter region 104 or transmitted through the filter region 104.

A light source apparatus includes an excitation light shining device for emitting excitation light, a rotational wheel device including a rotational wheel including a filter area for transmitting light in a predetermined wavelength range differing from a wavelength range of the excitation light and reflecting the excitation light and a direction-changing transmission area for transmitting the excitation light while changing a direction thereof, and a luminescent light emission device which receives the excitation light reflected on the filter area to thereby emit luminescent light including the light in the predetermined wavelength range towards the filter area, and the rotational wheel device is disposed so that an axis of the excitation light which passes through the direction-changing transmission area and an axis of the luminescent light in the predetermined wavelength range which passes through the filter area are superposed on each other.

In an illustrative configuration, a method for monitoring air quality is disclosed. The method includes accepting analyte gas into a cell and reflecting light rays into the analyte gas repeatedly across the cell into at least one sensor. The light scattered by particulate matter in the analyte gas and amount of spectra-absorption due to presence of a gaseous chemical is then measured. Based on the determined amount of spectra-absorption and the measured scattered light the gaseous chemical is then measured.

A light source system and a display apparatus are provided. The light source system includes first and second light emitting assemblies, a wavelength conversion device, an optical assembly, and a light combining device. The first light emitting assembly generates at least one primary color light. The second light emitting assembly generates excitation light. The wavelength conversion device is at least partially disposed on the optical path of the excitation light, and used for receiving the excitation light and generating corresponding excited light. The optical assembly is disposed on the optical path of the excited light, and used for increasing the amount of optical expansion of the excited light. The light combining device is disposed on the common optical path of the primary color light and the excited light and located behind the optical assembly, and used for combining the primary color light and the excited light.

A rotation wheel including a turntable and a motor is provided. The turntable is connected to the motor. The turntable has a first surface used for receiving an incident beam and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The first surface includes a light adjusting surface and a connecting surface. The connecting surface is used to connect the light adjusting surface and the motor. The light adjusting surface is perpendicular to a rotating axis of the motor. At least a part of the connecting surface is neither parallel nor perpendicular to the rotating axis.