Disclosed is an optical network system including a upper network equipment, a lower network equipment, and a plurality of transfer network equipments connecting the upper network equipment and the lower network equipment through independent optical links, wherein the lower network equipment performs switching such that transmission and reception of an optical signal are performed through an optical link of a standby line when a failure occurs in at least one of an optical link used as a working line, an optical interface device associated with the working line in the upper network equipment, and a transfer network equipment associated with the working line.

A three-dimensional (3D) distance information acquisition system and an electronic device including the same are provided. The 3D distance information acquisition system includes: a transmitter including a light source configured to emit a light based on a time division method and a spatial light modulator configured to steer the light incident from the light source to each scan point on an object; a receiver including a photodetector configured to detect the light reflected from the scan point of the object; and a processor configured to obtain 3D distance information based on the light detected by the receiver.

Embodiments of the disclosure relate to a display device. Specifically, there is provided a display device with display quality enhanced by comprising a substrate, a display area where one or more subpixels are disposed, each of the one or more subpixels including a light emitting element positioned on the substrate and at least one transistor for driving the light emitting element, an open area obtained by removing at least a portion of the substrate in an area surrounded by the display area, and a planarization layer positioned to overlap the display area and the open area and positioned on the light emitting element.

A metasurface for propagating phonon polaritons includes correlated oxide on a substrate and a wiring pattern of predetermined geometric shape on the surface thereof. There is a flake of van der Waals phononic exfoliable material on top of the wiring pattern/region. The wiring pattern may be formed by c-AFM or any other appropriate methods.

The disclosure provides devices and methods for controlled assembly of colloidal particles. A medium with colloidal particles having a charged surface is placed in physical contact with an electrically conductive material (e.g., an ITO coating). An external light source directs light towards the electrically conductive material, thus driving the colloidal particles from a first non-assembled state to a second assembled state, which may thus create organized colloidal crystals or alternatively predetermined void regions. Assembly of the colloids can be achieved with no external electric fields or external magnetic fields. Moreover, the colloidal assembly is three-dimensional, occurs rapidly, and is entirely reversible and reconfigurable based on controlling the light applied to the electrically conductive material.

The disclosure provides devices and methods for controlled assembly of colloidal particles. A medium with colloidal particles having a charged surface is placed in physical contact with an electrically conductive material (e.g., an ITO coating). An external light source directs light towards the electrically conductive material, thus driving the colloidal particles from a first non-assembled state to a second assembled state, which may thus create organized colloidal crystals or alternatively predetermined void regions. Assembly of the colloids can be achieved with no external electric fields or external magnetic fields. Moreover, the colloidal assembly is three-dimensional, occurs rapidly, and is entirely reversible and reconfigurable based on controlling the light applied to the electrically conductive material.

Product display systems are provided. The product display systems may include a product display assembly and one or more products positioned in proximity to the product display assembly. The product display assembly may include a solar cell configured to receive light and output electrical current and a wireless power transmitter configured to receive the electrical current. The product may include a wireless power receiver that cooperates with the wireless power transmitter to produce current that powers an output mechanism. The output mechanism outputs a perceptible effect such as light or sound to attract consumer attention. A related method is also provided.

Systems and methods that include: providing input information in an electronic format; converting at least a part of the electronic input information into an optical input vector; optically transforming the optical input vector into an optical output vector based on an optical matrix multiplication; converting the optical output vector into an electronic format; and electronically applying a non-linear transformation to the electronically converted optical output vector to provide output information in an electronic format. In some examples, a set of multiple input values are encoded on respective optical signals carried by optical waveguides. For each of at least two subsets of one or more optical signals, a corresponding set of one or more copying modules splits the subset of one or more optical signals into two or more copies of the optical signals. For each of at least two copies of a first subset of one or more optical signals, a corresponding multiplication module multiplies the one or more optical signals of the first subset by one or more matrix element values using optical amplitude modulation. For results of two or more of the multiplication modules, a summation module produces an electrical signal that represents a sum of the results of the two or more of the multiplication modules.

Systems and methods that include: providing input information in an electronic format; converting at least a part of the electronic input information into an optical input vector; optically transforming the optical input vector into an optical output vector based on an optical matrix multiplication; converting the optical output vector into an electronic format; and electronically applying a non-linear transformation to the electronically converted optical output vector to provide output information in an electronic format. In some examples, a set of multiple input values are encoded on respective optical signals carried by optical waveguides. For each of at least two subsets of one or more optical signals, a corresponding set of one or more copying modules splits the subset of one or more optical signals into two or more copies of the optical signals. For each of at least two copies of a first subset of one or more optical signals, a corresponding multiplication module multiplies the one or more optical signals of the first subset by one or more matrix element values using optical amplitude modulation. For results of two or more of the multiplication modules, a summation module produces an electrical signal that represents a sum of the results of the two or more of the multiplication modules.

An optical filter device may include an optical waveguide having an input and an output, and a plurality of first optical resonators optically coupled to the optical waveguide along a length thereof between the input and the output. The optical filter device may further include at least one second optical resonator optically coupled to the plurality of first optical resonators opposite the optical waveguide.