An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising a support, an electroconductive layer, an undercoat layer, a charge generating layer, and a hole transporting layer in this order, wherein when an ionization potential of the electroconductive layer is defined as IPc, the IPc is 5.4 to 5.8 eV, and when an ionization potential of the undercoat layer is defined as IPu, the IPu is 6.0 eV or more, wherein the undercoat layer comprises an electron transporting compound and a compound (?), and when an ionization potential of the compound (?) is defined as IP?, the IPc, the IPu, and the IP? satisfy relation (1):

IPu?IPc>IP??IPc(1).

An image forming apparatus includes a first image forming part that forms a first image on a print medium using a photoluminescent developer containing a photoluminescent pigment; a second image forming part that forms a second image on the print medium using a coloring developer containing a coloring material; and a lamination part that laminates the first image and the second image on the print medium, wherein a viscoelastic phase angle (A) of the coloring developer and a viscoelastic phase angle (B) of the photoluminescent developer when measured at 125[ C.] using a viscoelasticity measuring device satisfy follow:
21.1[](A.Math.B)31.6[]. where A means a viscoelastic phase angle of the coloring developer, B means a viscoelastic phase angle of the photoluminescent developer.

An intermediate transfer member (ITM) for use with a printing system, the ITM having (a) a support layer; and (b) a release layer having an ink reception surface and a second surface opposing the ink reception surface, the second surface attached to the support layer, the release layer formed of an addition-cured, hydrophobic silicone material, wherein the release surface of the release layer has relatively hydrophilic properties with respect to the addition-cured, hydrophobic silicone material.

A method to make an improved organic photoconductor drum of an electrophotographic image forming device is provided. The improved organic photoconductor drum is prepared using a curable composition including a charge transport molecule containing four radical polymerizable functional groups containing an oxygen atom of the general structure shown below: ##STR00001##
wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 contain a spacer group and a radical polymerizable hydrophilic functional group containing an oxygen atom, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are a non-radical polymerizable functional group, and R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 contain a spacer group and a radical polymerizable hydrophilic functional group containing an oxygen atom. The curable composition may also contain at least one optional curing agent.

An improved organic photoconductor drum used in an electrophotographic image forming device and method to make the same is provided. The organic photoconductor drum contains a protective overcoat. The protective overcoat is prepared from a curable composition including a charge transport molecule containing four radical polymerizable hydrophilic functional groups containing an oxygen atom of the general structure shown below: ##STR00001##
where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 contain a spacer group and a radical polymerizable hydrophilic functional group containing an oxygen atom, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are a non-radical polymerizable functional group, and R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 contain a spacer group and a radical polymerizable hydrophilic functional group containing an oxygen atom. The curable composition may also contain at least one curing agent. This organic photoconductor drum has excellent wear resistance without negatively altering the electrophotographic properties, thus protecting the organic photoconductor drum from damage and extending its service life.

A printable blank sheet includes a sheet with a first layer and a second layer attached to a bottom side of the first layer, slit-over-perforation line in the sheet, and an object held in the sheet. The slit-over-perforation lines define a periphery of the object in the sheet. The slit-over-perforation lines include cuts running through the first layer, and perforations running through the second layer underneath the cuts running through the first layer. A method for creating custom print objects includes running a printable blank sheet through a printer, wherein the sheet includes slit-over-perforation lines defining a periphery of an object in the sheet. The sheet is bent along the slit-over-perforation lines to weaken and separate the slit-over-perforation lines, and the object is detached from the sheet.

The present invention relates to a binder resin composition for toners for development of electrostatic images capable of giving a toner excellent in fusing properties on PP films, a toner for development of electrostatic images containing the binder resin composition, a printing method using the toner, and a printed material. [1] A binder resin composition for toners for development of electrostatic images, including a polyester-based resin and polyolefin particles, wherein the polyolefin particles contain a polymer having a polymer skeleton of olefin having 2 or more and 3 or less carbon atoms, the volume median diameter (D.sub.50) of a small particle size component, as measured according to a dynamic light scattering method using a dispersion S of a small particle size component obtainable according to Methods 1 and 2, is 20 nm or more and 400 nm or less, the content of a large particle size component obtainable according to Method 2 is 0% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less relative to the total amount of the large particle size component and the small particle size component, and the content of the small particle size component is 70% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less relative to the total amount of the large particle size component and the small particle size component, and the melting endothermic energy amount of the small particle size component is 3 J/g or more and 10 J/g or less; [2] a toner for development of electrostatic images including the binder resin composition for toners for development of electrostatic images according to the above [1] in an amount of 20% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less in the binder resin therein, and including a releasing agent having a melting point of 60 C. or higher and 100 C. or lower in an amount of 1 part by mass or more and 10 parts by mass or less relative to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin; [3] a printing method including printing on a plastic film according to an electrophotographic method with the toner for development of electrostatic images according to the above [2]; and [4] a printed material obtainable according to the method of the above [3].

Provided is a toner that has a plurality of toner particles. Each toner particle can include a binder resin core and a shell disposed about the binder resin core. The binder resin core can include at least one binder resin. The shell can include a plurality of metal nanoparticles. The binder resin core can be prepared by forming an aggregate of the binder resin in which metallic nanoparticles are not present.

An overcoat layer for an organic photoconductor drum includes a curable composition having about 20 to about 80 percent by weight of a charge transport molecule containing four radical polymerizable functional groups as exemplified below:

##STR00001##

where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 contain a spacer group and a radical polymerizable functional group, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are hydrogen atoms, and R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 contain a spacer group and a radical polymerizable functional group. The curable composition may also include a non-radical polymerizable additive, such as a surfactant, and/or a curing agent.

An organic photoconductor drum includes a support element, a charge generation layer over the support element, a charge transport layer over the charge generation layer, and an overcoat layer. The overcoat layer includes a curable composition having both a non-radical polymerizable additive and a charge transport molecule containing four radical polymerizable functional groups exemplified as:

##STR00001##

where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 contain a spacer group and a radical polymerizable functional group, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are hydrogen atoms, and R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 contain a spacer group and a radical polymerizable functional group wherein the spacer group of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.5, and R.sub.6, is an ethyl group and the radical polymerizable functional group of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 is an acrylate group. The non-radical polymerizable additive may be a surfactant. The curable composition may also include a curing agent.