A photoreceptor drum unit is provided with a cylindrical photoreceptor drum, and two end members which are respectively disposed at both ends of the photoreceptor drum in an axial direction. One of the end members is provided with an elastic member, is biased in the axial direction, and is extendable and contractable. The other of the end members is provided with a cylindrical bearing member and a shaft member held in the bearing member.

A blowing device is equipped with a blowing portion and a holder. The blowing portion has a cylindrical body that stores a rotating body, and includes: a suction inlet arranged on a side surface perpendicular to the axial direction of the cylindrical body; and an exhaust outlet arranged on a part of the peripheral surface of the cylindrical body. The holder has a wall that faces the peripheral surface of the blowing portion with a gap between the wall and the peripheral surface, and holds the blowing portion inside. The holder includes: a suction portion that communicates with the suction inlet; and an exhaust portion that causes the exhaust outlet to communicate with the outside and the gap.

A discharge circuit for a decoupling capacitor to stabilize a voltage supplied from a first power supply unit to a first load includes a first capacitor, a first switch, and a discharge control circuit. The first capacitor is charged by power supplied from a second power supply unit that supplies power to a second load that is different from the first load. The first switch is arranged between the decoupling capacitor and ground. The discharge control circuit discharges, in a case where power supplied from the second power supply unit to the second load is cut off, charges of the decoupling capacitor to the ground by driving the first switch using charges stored in the first capacitor.

An image forming apparatus has a body frame and a slide frame. The slide frame is configured to be pulled out from the body frame along a sliding direction. A plurality of image forming cartridges is detachably mounted on the slide frame. A plurality of electrode members is mounted on the slide frame and aligned along the sliding direction so as to correspond to the image forming cartridges. A body-side contact portion of each of the electrode members is electrically connected to the body frame. A cartridge-side contact portion of the electrode member is electrically connected to the image forming cartridge. The image forming cartridge is connected to the body via the corresponding electrode member when the slide frame mounting the image forming cartridges is inserted to the body frame.

A sheet processing apparatus includes a pair of belts, a water supplying unit, a curving unit and a controller. The pair of belts defines a conveying path for holding and conveying a paper sheet. The water supplying unit supplies water to outer surfaces of the belts. The curving unit curves the conveying path defined by the belts. The controller makes the water supplying unit supply water to the outer surfaces of the belts, and makes the belts convey the sheet between the belts in a state where the conveying path is curved by the curving unit to correct the curling of the sheet.

An object is to provide an image forming apparatus capable of switching, with a simple configuration, the positional relation between a supporting member and a feeding member and the positional relation between a developing member and a photosensitive member. A separation cam 100 rotated by the driving force of a motor M and a slider 101 moving in accordance with the rotation of the separation cam 100 are configured to switch the positional relation between a lifting plate 13 and a feeding roller 3 and the positional relation between a developing roller 103b and a photosensitive drum 8.

The present invention provides an electrophotographic photosensitive member that allows positive ghost to be reduced even in repeated use. The electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention is an electrophotographic photosensitive member wherein an undercoat layer contains a polymerization product of a composition including a compound represented by the following formula (1). ##STR00001##

A sheet stacker includes a sheet stacking member, a biasing force applier, an angle setter, and a regulator. The sheet stacking member has an upstream portion in a sheet conveyance direction. The upstream portion is movable in a vertical direction. The biasing force applier is configured to apply a biasing force to bias the sheet stacking member upward. The angle setter is configured to set an angle of the sheet stacking member in the sheet conveyance direction, relative to a sheet conveying portion, between a first angle and a second angle. The regulator is configured to regulate movement of the sheet stacking member in a case in which the upstream portion of the sheet stacking member is located closer to the sheet conveying portion at either the first angle or the second angle.

Systems and methods for authenticating material samples are provided. Characteristic features are measured for a batch of material samples that comprise substantially the same composition and are produced by substantially the same process. The measured characteristic features have respective variability that is analyzed to extract statistical parameters. In some cases, reference ranges are determined based on the extracted statistical parameters for the batch of material samples. The corresponding statistical parameters of a test material sample are compared to the reference ranges to verify whether the test material sample is authentic.

An imaging system includes a toner image forming device and a gloss treatment device. The toner image forming device accommodates a color toner that forms a color toner image on a printing medium, and which accommodates a clear toner that forms a clear toner image on the printing medium. The clear toner has a wax content that is lower than a wax content of the color toner. The gloss treatment device melts the clear toner on the printing medium to apply gloss treatment to the printing medium including the color toner image and the clear toner image.