A mass flow control apparatus comprising a proportional valve upstream of a flow measurement portion, a pressure sensing element fluidly connected to determine a fluid pressure downstream of the flow measurement portion, and a dynamically adjustable variable valve downstream of the flow measurement portion and adjacent to the pressure sensing element connection. Fluid conductance of the variable valve is adjusted according to a control scheme based upon limitations of the flow measurement portion. Integral flow verification may be enabled with additional fluid pathway elements upstream of the flow measurement portion.

A mass flow control apparatus comprising a proportional valve upstream of a flow measurement portion, a pressure sensing element fluidly connected to determine a fluid pressure downstream of the flow measurement portion, and a dynamically adjustable variable valve downstream of the flow measurement portion and adjacent to the pressure sensing element connection. Fluid conductance of the variable valve is adjusted according to a control scheme based upon limitations of the flow measurement portion. Integral flow verification may be enabled with additional fluid pathway elements upstream of the flow measurement portion.

An air conditioning device for vehicle includes a first water-refrigerant heat exchanger, a second water-refrigerant heat exchanger, a first bypass passage, and a second bypass passage. The first bypass passage branches at a point of a coolant passage from a cooling portion of a heating component in the vehicle to the second water-refrigerant heat exchanger, and the first bypass passage is capable of being communicated with the coolant passage at an upstream side of the first water-refrigerant heat exchanger. The second bypass passage bran at a point of the coolant passage from a heater core to the first water-refrigerant heat exchanger, and the second bypass passage is capable of being communicated with the coolant passage at a downstream side of the first water-refrigerant heat exchanger. A part of the first bypass passage which includes a downstream end and a part of the second bypass passage which includes an upstream end are shared.

Pressure regulators with adjustable boost bodies are described herein. An example pressure regulator includes a valve body; a seat in the fluid passageway; an actuator casing coupled to the valve body; and a plug assembly including: a stem; a plug coupled to the stem; a stem guide disposed in the channel of the actuator casing; a boost body on the second side of the stem guide; and a tube extending through the boost body, the tube and the boost body forming a unitary structure to prevent movement of the tube relative to the boost body, the tube having a first end and a second end, the second end disposed in a downstream location relative to the seat, wherein the boost body is rotatable with respect to the stem guide to position the tube in at least one other orientation relative to the actuator casing.

A control circuit includes a computing unit, which computes a target oil pressure, a duty output unit, which outputs a drive electric current based on a result of computation of the computing unit, and a dither output unit, which applies a dither signal to a linear solenoid. The dither signal is added to the drive electric current outputted from the duty output unit and is applied to the linear solenoid. The dither output unit always applies the dither signal to the linear solenoid throughout an operation. The dither output unit reduces a pulse height of the dither signal in a dead zone in comparison to a pulse height of the dither signal in a control zone. In this way, even when an axial position of a spool is changed between the control zone and the dead zone, the amplitude of dither of the spool can be made generally constant. Thereby, it is possible to limit a change in an output oil pressure.

A system according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure includes, among other things, a control unit and a heat pipe heat exchanger having a first heat pipe and a second heat pipe. The system also includes a first flow regulator selectively adjustable in response to instructions from the control unit to direct a first flow of fluid over a portion of the first heat pipe. Further, the system includes a second flow regulator selectively adjustable in response to instructions from the control unit to direct a second flow of fluid over a portion of the second heat pipe. A method is also disclosed.

Disclosed is a pressure regulator, comprising: a first cylindrical chamber; a second cylindrical chamber located concentrically within the first cylindrical chamber and in thermal communication with the first cylindrical chamber; and further comprising at least one of: an internal valve, wherein the internal valve is connected at a first end to the first cylindrical chamber and at a second end to the second cylindrical chamber, wherein the internal valve allows the flow of gas from the second cylindrical chamber to the first cylindrical chamber; and an external gas chamber and an external valve, wherein the external gas chamber is located outside the first cylindrical chamber, wherein the external valve is connected at a first end to the first cylindrical chamber and at a second end to the external gas chamber, wherein the external valve allows the flow of gas from the external gas chamber to the first cylindrical chamber.

Disclosed is a pressure regulator, comprising: a first cylindrical chamber; a second cylindrical chamber located concentrically within the first cylindrical chamber and in thermal communication with the first cylindrical chamber; and further comprising at least one of: an internal valve, wherein the internal valve is connected at a first end to the first cylindrical chamber and at a second end to the second cylindrical chamber, wherein the internal valve allows the flow of gas from the second cylindrical chamber to the first cylindrical chamber; and an external gas chamber and an external valve, wherein the external gas chamber is located outside the first cylindrical chamber, wherein the external valve is connected at a first end to the first cylindrical chamber and at a second end to the external gas chamber, wherein the external valve allows the flow of gas from the external gas chamber to the first cylindrical chamber.

Systems, methods, and apparatus for regulating pressure within a well tool. In some aspects, the well tool may include a cylinder, a setting chamber, and a first flow metering device and a second flow metering device installed in the cylinder. The first flow metering device having a first pressure threshold and the second flow metering device having a second pressure threshold may be configured to regulate an internal chamber pressure inside the setting chamber to reduce a collapse pressure or a pressure differential at the cylinder. The first flow metering device may be configured to allow an external pressure greater than a first pressure threshold to enter the setting chamber during a hydrocarbon recovery operation, and the second flow metering device may be configured to allow the internal chamber pressure greater than a second pressure threshold to exit the setting chamber after the hydrocarbon recovery operation.

A material processing apparatus includes a processing chamber having an internal space, an external pressure source, a vacuum generator, a temperature regulator and a controller. The external pressure source is connected to the processing chamber for positive pressure action on the internal space. The vacuum generator is connected to the processing chamber for negative pressure action on the internal space. The temperature regulator is arranged in the processing chamber to adjust the temperature in the internal space. The controller is configured to control the external pressure source to increase the pressure in the processing chamber from a normal pressure to a first predetermined pressure, and configured to control the vacuum generator to reduce the pressure in the processing chamber to a second predetermined pressure less than the normal pressure after the pressure rises to the first predetermined pressure. An operating method of a material processing apparatus is also provided.