The present disclosure provides methods and systems for performing non-classical computations. The methods and systems generally use a plurality of spatially distinct optical trapping sites to trap a plurality of atoms, one or more electromagnetic delivery units to apply electromagnetic energy to one or more atoms of the plurality to induce the atoms to adopt one or more superposition states of a first atomic state and a second atomic state, one or more entanglement units to quantum mechanically entangle at least a subset of the one or more atoms in the one or more superposition states with at least another atom of the plurality, and one or more readout optical units to perform measurements of the superposition states to obtain the non-classical computation.

A multiple imputation (MI) based fuzzy clustering with visualization-aided MI validation that improves the accuracy and the stability of identified patterns, generally the structure of HD data with missing values.

The present application discloses a data processing method and apparatus. A specific implementation of the method includes: receiving floating point data sent from an electronic device; converting the received floating point data into fixed point data according to a data length and a value range of the received floating point data; performing calculation on the obtained fixed point data according to a preset algorithm to obtain result data in a fixed point form; and converting the obtained result data in the fixed point form into result data in a floating point form and sending the result data in the floating point form to the electronic device. This implementation improves the data processing efficiency.

A photonic parallel network can be used to sample combinatorially hard distributions of Ising problems. The photonic parallel network, also called a photonic processor, finds the ground state of a general Ising problem and can probe critical behaviors of universality classes and their critical exponents. In addition to the attractive features of photonic networks—passivity, parallelization, high-speed and low-power—the photonic processor exploits dynamic noise that occurs during the detection process to find ground states more efficiently.

A brain-computer interface (BCI) designed with a hybrid electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) for letter and number recognition system for people who cannot speak. By this system, the words and numbers a subject thinks of are reflected on a display screen. A speech tool has been designed for these individuals allowing them to express themselves.

A method and system for improving a stochastic control problem policy, the method including a sampling device obtaining data representing sample Boltzmann machine configurations, obtaining a stochastic control problem's initialization data and initial policy; assigning representative data of initial coupler weights and node biases and the Boltzmann machine's transverse field strength to the sampling device; until a stopping criterion is met, generating a present-epoch state-action pair, amending, sampling for the present-epoch state-action pair, approximating a present-epoch state-action Q-function value, obtaining a future-epoch state-action pair through a stochastic state process including a stochastic optimization test on all state-action pairs to provide the action at the future-epoch and update the future-epoch state's policy; amending the representative data, sampling for the future-epoch state-action pair, obtaining a future-epoch state-action Q-function value, updating each weight and bias and providing the policy when the stopping criterion is met.

A method includes calculating a plurality of permutation matrices of an input matrix that characterizes a linear transformation of a plurality of input states. The method also includes determining a plurality of settings of an optical circuit based on the plurality of permutation matrices. Each setting in the plurality of settings is associated with an electric power, from a plurality of electric powers, consumed by the optical circuit. The method also includes determining a selected setting of the optical circuit based on the electric power from the plurality of electric powers and consumed by the optical circuit at each setting from the plurality of settings associated with the electric power. The method further includes implementing the selected setting on the optical circuit to perform the linear transformation of the plurality of input states.

Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed toward techniques and configurations for a photonics integrated circuit (IC) for an optical neural network (ONN). In embodiments, the photonics IC includes monolithically optoelectronic components in a single semiconductor substrate including a combination of one or more of integrated array of light sources, a plurality of optical modulators, an optical unitary matrix multiplier, non-linear optical amplifiers or attenuators, and a plurality of photodetectors. In embodiments, the optical unitary matrix multiplier comprises a plurality of 22 unitary optical matrices optically interconnected, wherein each 22 unitary optical matrix comprises a plurality of phase shifters. In embodiments, each 22 unitary optical matrix is to phase shift, split, and/or combine one or more of the optical signal inputs. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

The Ising model calculation device selects a solution having a consistent quality from among solutions obtained through the calculations with the evaluation index of a calculation accuracy. A coupling coefficient obtained by combining the Ising model coupling coefficient corresponding to a problem for which a solution should be calculated with the Ising model coupling coefficient corresponding to the check problem is set as a coupling coefficient used to calculate the interaction. With regard to a calculation value corresponding to the check spin among the calculation values using a plurality of light pulses, the compatibility as the solution of the check problem is judged. When the judgement result shows the compatibility as the solution of the check problem, a calculation value other than the calculation values corresponding to the check spin among the resultant calculation values is outputted as a solution to the problem for which a solution should be calculated.

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe techniques and configurations for a nonlinear optical device used to construct an optical neural network (ONN) with an arbitrary number of layers of matrix multipliers. The nonlinear optical device includes a waveguide to receive optical input and a gain medium coupled with the waveguide, to amplify or attenuate the received optical input, to provide an output that is amplified in a nonlinear manner in response to the optical input reaching saturation, where the nonlinearly amplified output is to provide a nonlinear activation function for an ONN. Additional embodiments may be described and claimed.