A method of transforming data including receiving data in a first language specific form, converting the data in the first language specific form to a language agnostic form, storing the data in the language agnostic form, converting the data in the language agnostic form to at least one second language specific form and exporting, on demand, the data in at least one of the at least one second language specific form.

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for encoding binary data are provided. One of the methods includes: obtaining a multimedia file from a storage device, extracting multiple bytes of binary data from the multimedia file, converting the binary data into 7-bit encoded data using an encoding algorithm, and sending one or more signals comprising the 7-bit encoded data to a remote computing device. The converting includes identifying multiple bits of data, each corresponding to a predetermined bit position of one of the bytes of binary data, generating one or more bytes of combined-bit data by combining the identified bits of data, generating one or more bytes of remaining-bit data, and generating the 7-bit encoded data by concatenating the one or more bytes of combined-bit data and the one or more bytes of remaining-bit data.

A method for writing data in a buffer to a magnetic recording tape includes identifying a size of an unused area of the magnetic recording tape based on a current writing position on the magnetic recording tape. An upper limit of a capacity for data that can be stored in the buffer is determined based on the size of the unused area. The predetermined data is stored, according to a command for storing predetermined data in the buffer, in the buffer on condition that the capacity for data in the buffer does not exceed the upper limit.

Embodiments of a processor are disclosed for performing arithmetic operations on a machine independent number format. The processor may include a floating point unit, and a number unit. The number format may include a sign/exponent block, a length block, and multiple mantissa digits. The number unit may be configured to perform an operation on two operands by converting the digit format of each mantissa digit of each operand, to perform the operation using the converted mantissa digits, and then to convert each mantissa digit of the result of the operation back into the original digit format.

Embodiments of a processor are disclosed for performing arithmetic operations on a machine independent number format. The processor may include a floating point unit, and a number unit. The number format may include a sign/exponent block, a length block, and multiple mantissa digits. The number unit may be configured to perform an operation on two operands by converting the digit format of each mantissa digit of each operand, to perform the operation using the converted mantissa digits, and then to convert each mantissa digit of the result of the operation back into the original digit format.

An information processing apparatus includes a memory and a processor. The processor is configured to receive an input physical quantity, a value of the input physical quantity, and an output physical quantity. The processor is configured to generate a first array of first conversion operations or a second array of second conversion operations by using conversion rules each for converting a value of a source physical quantity into a value of a target physical quantity. Each conversion operation is a conversion according to a conversion rule or a reverse operation thereof. The first array enables a conversion of the input physical quantity into the output physical quantity. The second array enables the reverse. The processor is configured to convert the received value of the input physical quantity into a value of the output physical quantity by using the first array or the second array.

An information processing apparatus includes a memory and a processor. The processor is configured to receive an input physical quantity, a value of the input physical quantity, and an output physical quantity. The processor is configured to generate a first array of first conversion operations or a second array of second conversion operations by using conversion rules each for converting a value of a source physical quantity into a value of a target physical quantity. Each conversion operation is a conversion according to a conversion rule or a reverse operation thereof. The first array enables a conversion of the input physical quantity into the output physical quantity. The second array enables the reverse. The processor is configured to convert the received value of the input physical quantity into a value of the output physical quantity by using the first array or the second array.

A method according to one embodiment includes instructing a first tape drive to load a parent tape medium, and instructing the first tape drive to retrieve identification (ID) information about the parent tape medium from metadata stored (saved) thereon. The first tape drive is instructed to write a first file part of a file to the parent tape medium. Information about the file and information about the first file part are written to the parent tape medium as metadata. A second tape drive is instructed to load and retrieve ID information about a child tape medium from metadata stored thereon. The second tape drive is instructed to write one or more subsequent file parts of the file to the child tape medium. The first tape drive is instructed to write the ID information about the child tape medium and attribute information about the one or more subsequent file parts stored to the child tape medium as metadata to the parent tape medium.

Apparatus for processing data includes processing circuitry 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26 and decoder circuitry 14 for decoding program instructions. The program instructions decoded include a floating point pre-conversion instruction which performs round-to-nearest ties to even rounding upon the mantissa field of an input floating number to generate an output floating point number with the same mantissa length but with the mantissa rounded to a position corresponding to a shorter mantissa field. The output mantissa field includes a suffix of zero values concatenated the rounded value. The decoder for circuitry 14 is also responsive to an integer pre-conversion instruction to quantise and input integer value using round-to-nearest ties to even rounding to form an output integer operand with a number of significant bits matched to the mantissa size of a floating point number to which the integer is later to be converted using an integer-to-floating point conversion instruction.

Apparatus for processing data includes processing circuitry 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26 and decoder circuitry 14 for decoding program instructions. The program instructions decoded include a floating point pre-conversion instruction which performs round-to-nearest ties to even rounding upon the mantissa field of an input floating number to generate an output floating point number with the same mantissa length but with the mantissa rounded to a position corresponding to a shorter mantissa field. The output mantissa field includes a suffix of zero values concatenated the rounded value. The decoder for circuitry 14 is also responsive to an integer pre-conversion instruction to quantise and input integer value using round-to-nearest ties to even rounding to form an output integer operand with a number of significant bits matched to the mantissa size of a floating point number to which the integer is later to be converted using an integer-to-floating point conversion instruction.