The present disclosure includes computing device related, systems, and methods for IPR planning as described herein. One method includes identifying a first tooth and a second tooth in a digital dental model with an overlap in a target final position in a treatment plan and identifying a reference line on each of the first tooth and the second tooth; revising the treatment plan wherein a position of each of the first tooth and the second tooth is determined in which the reference line of each of the first tooth and the second tooth are aligned and the first tooth and second tooth are not overlapping; and prescribing IPR based on the determined position of each of the first tooth and the second tooth.

The present disclosure includes computing device related, systems, and methods for IPR planning as described herein. One method includes identifying a first tooth and a second tooth in a digital dental model with an overlap in a target final position in a treatment plan and identifying a reference line on each of the first tooth and the second tooth; revising the treatment plan wherein a position of each of the first tooth and the second tooth is determined in which the reference line of each of the first tooth and the second tooth are aligned and the first tooth and second tooth are not overlapping; and prescribing IPR based on the determined position of each of the first tooth and the second tooth.

Embodiments disclosed herein represent powder based additive manufacturing processes which provide a microstructure having improved mechanical properties. The methods may include the use of ultrasonic excitation in combination with the active control of a substrate's temperature to provide some level of control over the microstructure and hence the properties.

Embodiments disclosed herein represent powder based additive manufacturing processes which provide a microstructure having improved mechanical properties. The methods may include the use of ultrasonic excitation in combination with the active control of a substrate's temperature to provide some level of control over the microstructure and hence the properties.

A framework for assessing technical feasibility of additive manufacturing of an engineering design. This framework needs to be based on preliminary identification of key parameters that influence the decision making process. The parameters may also be customized for a particular application. Each of these parameters can be assigned weightage either relative or arrived at by paired comparison using a pre-determined minimum point method. Each of the attributes are then assigned scores which are then multiplied by the weightages assigned. The summation of all such scores on a weighted average basis indicates the potential for 3D printing of that part or assembly. It offers to select the right part to leverage the benefit of additive manufacturing. It narrows down on the ideal manufacturing process for the qualified parts and proposes to reduce subjectivity by using paired comparison of attributes. It also provides a faster assessment of technical aspects of the design.

A framework for assessing technical feasibility of additive manufacturing of an engineering design. This framework needs to be based on preliminary identification of key parameters that influence the decision making process. The parameters may also be customized for a particular application. Each of these parameters can be assigned weightage either relative or arrived at by paired comparison using a pre-determined minimum point method. Each of the attributes are then assigned scores which are then multiplied by the weightages assigned. The summation of all such scores on a weighted average basis indicates the potential for 3D printing of that part or assembly. It offers to select the right part to leverage the benefit of additive manufacturing. It narrows down on the ideal manufacturing process for the qualified parts and proposes to reduce subjectivity by using paired comparison of attributes. It also provides a faster assessment of technical aspects of the design.

The preferred embodiments described below include methods, systems and computer readable media for cross discipline data validation checking in a multidisciplinary system. One or more multidisciplinary validation rules are used to perform cross discipline data validation checking to determine whether multidisciplinary data is consistent across engineering disciplines. The multidisciplinary validation rules define the scope of the validation checking within the engineering application (307) associated each engineering discipline. The results of the validation check are provided to the user.

The preferred embodiments described below include methods, systems and computer readable media for cross discipline data validation checking in a multidisciplinary system. One or more multidisciplinary validation rules are used to perform cross discipline data validation checking to determine whether multidisciplinary data is consistent across engineering disciplines. The multidisciplinary validation rules define the scope of the validation checking within the engineering application (307) associated each engineering discipline. The results of the validation check are provided to the user.

A puncture planning apparatus has: a simulation unit that simulates movement of an organ and a puncture needle by simulation using an organ model; and a planning unit that plans, based on the simulation result, how to move the puncture needle when an actual organ is punctured. The simulation unit executes a plurality of times of the simulation of an operation to advance the puncture needle while correcting an angle of the puncture needle so as to follow the movement of the target segment due to deformation of the organ, conditions of an advancement speed of the puncture needle are changed for each of the plurality times of the simulation, and the planning unit performs planning using the best simulation result out of the plurality of simulation results acquired under different conditions of the advancement speed.

A puncture planning apparatus has: a simulation unit that simulates movement of an organ and a puncture needle by simulation using an organ model; and a planning unit that plans, based on the simulation result, how to move the puncture needle when an actual organ is punctured. The simulation unit executes a plurality of times of the simulation of an operation to advance the puncture needle while correcting an angle of the puncture needle so as to follow the movement of the target segment due to deformation of the organ, conditions of an advancement speed of the puncture needle are changed for each of the plurality times of the simulation, and the planning unit performs planning using the best simulation result out of the plurality of simulation results acquired under different conditions of the advancement speed.