Systems, methods, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium for processing a network input through a neural network having one or more initial neural network layers followed by a softmax output layer. In one aspect, the methods include obtaining a layer output generated by the one or more initial neural network layers and processing the layer output through the softmax output layer to generate a neural network output. Processing the layer output through the softmax output layer includes determining, for each possible output value, a number of occurrences in the layer output values; for each possible output value occurring in the layer output values, determining a respective exponentiation measure; determining a normalization factor for the layer output by combining the exponentiation measures in accordance with the number of occurrences of the possible output values; and determining, for each of layer output values, a softmax probability value.

Described is a system for learning, prediction, and recall of spatiotemporal patterns. An input spatiotemporal sequence is learned using a recurrent spiking neural network by first processing the input spatiotemporal sequence using the recurrent spiking neural network. The recurrent spiking neural network comprises neurons having excitatory synaptic connections and inhibitory synaptic connections. Balanced inhibitory connectivity exists between neurons having excitatory synaptic connections. The recurrent spiking neural network uses distinct forms of synaptic plasticity for excitatory synaptic connections and inhibitory synaptic connections, such that excitatory synaptic connections strengthen and inhibitory synaptic connections weaken. In another aspect, the system is able to recall the learned spatiotemporal sequence and predict a future spatiotemporal sequence through activation of the recurrent spiking neural network.

A flight control system of an aircraft including a first processing unit, a second processing unit, communication means configured to establish a first two-way digital link and as second two-way digital link between the first processing unit and the second processing unit. The second link is redundant with the first link, and the first link and second link are likely to be active concomitantly. The system further includes backup communication means enabling data exchanges between the first processing unit and the second processing unit in the case of a failure in the first link and second link. The backup communication means includes an array of sensors or actuators and/or a secure onboard network for the avionics.

An agricultural harvester has a chassis carrying a header for gathering a crop. The header is removably attached to a feeder housing for feeding the crop into the agricultural harvester to be processed. A threshing and separating system is connected to the feeder housing for separating grain from Material Other than Grain (MOG). A grain cleaning system is connected to the threshing and separating system for further cleaning the separated grain. The grain cleaning system has at least one sieve operable to oscillate fore and aft and a side shaker mechanism operable to produce a side to side shaking motion in the at least one sieve. A control system is connected to the side shaker mechanism and operable to automatically proportionately increase an amount of the side to side shaking motion as a function of an amount and type of crop being processed.

A control system for a work machine having an upper frame rotatably mounted to a lower frame includes a controller configured to limit a maximum speed of the machine when a rotation angle between the upper frame and the lower frame exceeds a first predetermined value.

A method and a system of evaluating traffic network reliability adapted to a traffic route network with sub-routes are provided. The method includes obtaining a connecting configuration, threshold distribution values, a state distribution value of each sub-route; enumerating at least one path according to a maximal threshold value of the traffic route network, the connection configuration and the threshold distribution values of each sub-route wherein each path is composed of a plurality of the sub-routes and includes threshold distribution values corresponding to each sub-route, wherein if a specific path is not composed of a specific sub-route, a threshold distribution value of the specific path corresponding to the specific sub-route is 0; and calculating a difference between user-side network reliability value and system-side network reliability of the traffic route network based on the threshold distribution values corresponding to each sub-route of each path and the state distribution value of each sub-route.

The power consumption of an analog arithmetic circuit is reduced. The analog arithmetic circuit includes a plurality of first circuits. An output terminal of the k-th (k is a natural number) first circuit is connected to an input terminal of the k+1-th first circuit. Each of the first circuits includes a memory circuit which holds an analog signal, a second circuit which performs arithmetic processing using the analog signal, a switch which controls power supply to the second circuit, and a controller. The conduction state of the switch included in the k-th first circuit is controlled by the controller included in the k+1-th first circuit. The arithmetic processing performed by the second circuit included in the k+1-th first circuit is started by the controller included in the k+1-th first circuit.

The power consumption of an analog arithmetic circuit is reduced. The analog arithmetic circuit includes a plurality of first circuits. An output terminal of the k-th (k is a natural number) first circuit is connected to an input terminal of the k+1-th first circuit. Each of the first circuits includes a memory circuit which holds an analog signal, a second circuit which performs arithmetic processing using the analog signal, a switch which controls power supply to the second circuit, and a controller. The conduction state of the switch included in the k-th first circuit is controlled by the controller included in the k+1-th first circuit. The arithmetic processing performed by the second circuit included in the k+1-th first circuit is started by the controller included in the k+1-th first circuit.

If a first sign information detector 62 is normal, a first display 94 displays sign information detected by the first sign information detector 62, in accordance with an instruction from a control circuit 70. At this time, a second display 64 hides sign information in accordance with an instruction from the control circuit 70. On the other hand, if the first sign information detector 62 is abnormal, the first display 94 hides the sign information in accordance with an instruction from the control circuit 70. At this time, the second display 64 displays sign information detected by the second sign information detector 64, in accordance with an instruction from the control circuit 70.

The heuristic fuzzy controller for gantry cranes provides for controlling the position of the cart of a gantry crane while suppressing the swing angle of the payload. The rules of the controller are obtained taking into account the knowledge of an experienced crane operator. The controller uses only one fuzzy system to achieve the two control objectives.