A paper sheet recognition apparatus can generate a subtracted reflective light image without increasing detection time. To that end, the operations of sensors are controlled in a plurality of phases. The phases include a phase (reflected infrared light 1) in which a first light emission unit emits light, a second light emission unit emits no light, and an optical sensor detects reflective light. In another phase, (reflected infrared light 2) the first light emission unit emits no light, the second light emission unit emits light, and the optical sensor detects reflective light. In at least one of these phases, a light emission unit emits light, and an optical sensor detects transmissive light.

Apparatus and methods for protecting biometric authentication information associated with a paper document are provided. A mobile device application may pre-associate the document with a biometric input. The mobile device application may generate a first composite hash value based on a combination of a numerical representation of a first image of the paper document and a numerical representation of a first biometric input. Subsequently, an authentication server may generate a second composite hash value based on a combination of a numerical representation of a second image of the paper document and a numerical representation of a second biometric input. The authentication server may determine whether an edit distance separating the second composite hash value and the first composite hash value is less than a threshold distance. If the edit distance is less than a threshold distance, the paper document may be authenticated.

A method for creating a secure document, registering the secure document and verifying the authenticity of the secure document includes receiving a print object that has content. A security feature, including an identifier, is created and is associated with the content. The identifier may be a barcode. The barcode may represent a character string. The security feature may include the identifier barcode and a decoy barcode that is not associated with the content. The identifier barcode (or the character string represented by the barcode) and the content are transmitted to a database for storage. Once stored, the identifier and the content are considered to be registered. A print object that includes the security feature and the content is then transmitted to a printer for printing.

A secure item including a first optical structure and a second optical structure, or an assembly comprising a secure item and another object. The first optical structure including a plurality of blocks and being one of a revealing screen and a combined image. The second optical structure being the other one. Each of the combined image blocks being made up of a plurality of interlaced images. The combined image or each combined image block including a periodic alternation of interlaced image elements. The elements of the interlaced images of a single interlaced image being the same color, but a different color from that of the other interlaced images. At least two blocks of the first optical structure each allowing the observation of a revealed image in each block of a first optical structure, showing different proportions of the interlaced images.

Systems and methods provide for a document fraud detection system for identifying fraudulent documents. The document fraud detection system can include up to three steps of fraud detection, where if the document fails any of the three steps, the document can be flagged for further review. In another embodiment, the document fraud detection system can score each of the three tests, where the scores represent the likelihood that the document is fraudulent. If the combined score satisfies a predetermined criterion, the document can be flagged as potentially fraudulent. The three tests can include analyzing a scanned image of the document and comparing to other similar documents to determine if there have been any alterations. The second test can compare indents to previous documents, and the third test can analyze chemical and biometric factors that may indicate whether the document has been altered.

A diffractive security device is disclosed including at least a first diffractive structure defined in a carrier layer. The first diffractive structure is an on-axis diffractive zone plate structure of a continuously curved surface configured such that when the device is illuminated by on-axis light a first diffraction pattern generated by the first diffractive structure can be viewed from at least a first side of the device at substantially all viewing angles, the first diffraction pattern exhibiting a reference point or reference line relative to which other features of the first diffraction pattern appear to move when the viewing angle is changed.

An apparatus for aligning notes of value along a transport path has a note reader with a scanning line with areas detection areas there along. The scanning areas are arranged along a line orthogonally with respect to a central axis of the transport path. A first and at least one second transport elements serve to transport the note along the transport path in at least one transport direction. The transport elements each contact the note in a contact area. At least one aligning apparatus is used for aligning the note, which is arranged between the first and second transport elements and forms a section of the transport path. The note reader detects the trailing edge of the note in a first scanning area and in a second scanning area.

An apparatus for aligning notes of value along a transport path has a note reader with a scanning line with areas detection areas there along. The scanning areas are arranged along a line orthogonally with respect to a central axis of the transport path. A first and at least one second transport elements serve to transport the note along the transport path in at least one transport direction. The transport elements each contact the note in a contact area. At least one aligning apparatus is used for aligning the note, which is arranged between the first and second transport elements and forms a section of the transport path. The note reader detects the trailing edge of the note in a first scanning area and in a second scanning area.

Systems and methods for applying machine learning to dynamically validate a sales transaction document created by a user in a computing system are provided. Data comprising the sales transaction document is received. A machine learning model is applied to the sales transaction document to verify that the sales transaction document meets at least one compliance standard. The user is alerted if the sales transaction document does not meet the at least one compliance standard. The maching learning model is generated by: receiving first sales transaction data from a database; determining patterns based on the first sales transaction data, wherein the patterns indicate that corrective data was created to compensate for at least one error in original data, the at least one error indicating that the original data did not meet at least one compliance standard; and generating the machine learning model based on the determined patterns.

An optical storage phosphor, a method for checking an authenticity feature, and an apparatus for carrying out a method, relate to an authenticity feature and to a value document. An inorganic optical storage phosphor is provided having a garnet structure and predetermined composition.